Dairy cows in late milk feeding management

Dry milk late period refers to the period from the end of dry milk to the time before delivery. It is also commonly referred to as pre-period, which is the first two weeks before delivery.

Cows are approaching labour in the early perinatal period. If they are improperly reared, cows are susceptible to various diseases. Therefore, the raising of this stage is centered on health care.

In the rearing of the cow, it should be handled flexibly depending on the body condition of the cow and the degree of swelling of the breast. For overweight obese cows, fines should be reduced at this time, and the diet should be dominated by high quality hay. For cows with poor nutrition, concentrates should be increased immediately, but the maximum amount of concentrate should not exceed 1% of body weight. Prenatal increase in the amount of concentrate feed, so that the rumen microflora is gradually adjusted to adapt to the feeding type of condiment, which helps cows quickly adapt to high-emulsion high-concentrate feeding and can maintain a strong appetite for concentrates. The early arrival of cow's milk and lactation peaks will reduce the incidence of ketosis. However, if there is severe breast edema and hidden mastitis before cows are born, it is not appropriate to increase the amount of concentrates so as to avoid inflating the breast or causing mastitis. At the same time, for those with severe breast edema, they should also be given salt.

In recent years, studies have shown that low-calcium feeding methods can effectively prevent the occurrence of post-partum spasticity in the two weeks before the cow's onset of labor, that is, the general dietary calcium content accounts for 0.6% of dry matter to a low level of 0.2%, due to the body of cattle. The maintenance of normal blood calcium levels is regulated by the release of parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid gland. When calcium supply is insufficient in the diet, it is not sufficient to maintain the normal blood calcium level of the cow. At this time, the functional regulation of parathyroid glands is strengthened. The bone calcium will be decomposed from the bovine body to maintain the blood calcium level, so when the childbirth, that is, a steady stream of bone calcium is transported to the blood, and to avoid the cows postpartum secretion of large amounts of milk, calcium is discharged from the milk and cause postpartum paralysis.

Pre-period diet should reduce the large volume of juicy feed, when the fetus increases, oppression affects the normal motility of the digestive tract, easily causing constipation. In the concentrates, the proportion of bran must be properly increased. Because the bran contains more magnesium and is laxative, it can prevent prenatal constipation. Daily supplementation of vitamin A and vitamin D (or intramuscular injection) can increase the robustness of newborn crickets, increase the survival rate, and reduce the incidence of placental retention and postpartum spasms.

The emphasis on strengthening management during the pre-period period is health care work to prevent the infection of the reproductive tract and mammary glands and the occurrence of metabolic diseases. Cows should be transferred to the delivery room 7 days to 10 days before delivery, and they should be nursed by special personnel. Before transfer, it is advisable to use 2% caustic soda water to disinfect the delivery room, spread clean and dry bedding, and the delivery room should establish and maintain a daily cleaning and disinfection system. After the cow's hindquarters and limbs are cleaned and disinfected with 2% to 3% of the Suer's solution, they can be transferred to the delivery room, and the registration and transfer of records of the group can be handled.

Keep the cow bed clean in the delivery room and change the bedding. Anti-dangling attacks on cattle. To drink warm water in winter, the best water temperature is about 36 °C, must not drink ice water and feeding frozen deterioration of feed, so as not to cause diarrhea caused by premature delivery. Observe daily changes in the breast, if there is excessive edema, especially more high-yield cows more severe edema, diuretic can be appropriate to vote in order to reduce the degree of edema. If it is found that the redness of the breast is too strong, milking can be done in advance but the colostrum should be preserved. When the weather is fine, it is necessary to drive the cattle production room to exercise freely, avoid avoiding all day long in the wet barn, unfavorable health, susceptible diseases.

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