Cows are not afraid of heat when it comes to pigs, but they are definitely not afraid of cold. At extremely low temperatures, cold stress is also more serious, resulting in decreased milk production, and can cause a variety of diseases, reducing the economic benefits of dairy cows. Therefore, cold winter should pay great attention to dairy cows' cold stress.
The most suitable environment temperature for dairy cows is 10°C~16°C, calf is 17°C, and the tolerance range is -15°C~26°C. Do a good job in keeping the cow building cold and heat-proof. Use a transparent plastic film to seal the doors and windows. A half-open or barn with a playground should be closed with a plastic film after winter, and a straw or cotton quilt should be hung in the evening. Curtain, open film, to prevent cold winds. When the outdoor temperature is below -3°C, the temperature in the room can be kept above 0°C.
Strengthen the scientific feeding of fine feed daily than the normal feeding standards by 10% to 15%, and pay attention to the addition of fat in feeding, improve cattle's ability to prevent cold. In addition to ensuring that the cows maintain their own nutritional needs, but also to provide nutritional needs for the growth and development of the fetus, but also the accumulation of certain nutrients to ensure the need for lactation. The conditional person may add the lees properly to increase the cattle's ability to withstand the cold, feed 5 kilograms per head per day, and pay attention to feeding high quality hay or silage corn feed, feeding 25 kilograms per head per day. In addition, be careful not to mix the snow or ice cubes in the feed into the diet during the winter season. Do not drink cold water to the cows. It is best to drink warm water at 15°C to 17°C and warm the water at about 10°C.
Strengthening day-to-day management Most dairy cows in the winter are in gestation. Poor feeding and management can easily lead to miscarriage and stillbirth. In daily management, attention should be paid to avoid crowding and slipping of dairy cows. In grazing and sports, it is forbidden to play cold whip, hurry to turn violently, fall, etc. in order to avoid causing trauma or miscarriage. In winter, it is necessary to keep the cow's sports grounds dry, clear the water, and prevent the cows from lying on ice, ice water or snow. Strengthen dairy cows' winter protection, prevent frostbite or frostbite, nipple wipe vaseline ointment and prevent cold winds, especially post-partum dairy cows wear cotton nursing bras during exercise or exercise.
Strengthen the ability to resist cold stress Be aware of weather changes in winter and take appropriate measures to minimize cold stress before the cold weather. In order to prevent colds in dairy cows, 0.5%~1.0% Radix isatidis and licorice are fed regularly. The feeding period is 3 months. Sodium selenite is added, and 30 kg per 100 grams of spices. Trace elements are added to 1.5 kg per 100 kg of feed. Each cow has 125 grams per day; cows have 500 grams of multivitamins and 250 kilograms of spices to enhance cow body resistance and immune function. Newborn calves should pay attention to the occurrence of indigestion and other diseases. They should eat colostrum as soon as possible after birth, or add lactobacilli to their milk for prevention. Drinking 1% to 3% of straw-dried straw water can prevent calf diarrhea.
Blood System:
Blood system is also called circulatory system.
For the treatment of diseases of the circulatory system:
According to the American Heart Association, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Because of its vastness and critical nature, it is one of the systems of the body most prone to disease.
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One of the most common diseases of the circulatory system is arteriosclerosis, in which the fatty deposits in the arteries causes the walls to stiffen and thicken the walls. According to the Mayo Clinic, the causes are a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other material in the artery walls. This can restrict blood flow or in severe cases stop it all together, resulting in a heart attack or stroke.
Stroke involves blockage of the blood vessels to the brain and is another major condition of the circulatory system, according to Mitchell Weinberg of the North Shore-LIJ Health System. [Risk factors include smoking, diabetes and high cholesterol," he noted.
Another circulatory disease, hypertension - commonly called high blood pressure - causes the heart to work harder and can lead to such complications as a heart attack, a stroke, or kidney failure, the NLM noted.
An aortic aneurysm occurs when the aorta is damaged and starts to bulge or eventually tear, which can cause severe internal bleeding. This weakness can be present at birth or the result of atherosclerosis, obesity, high blood pressure or a combination of these conditions, according to Weinberg.
Peripheral arterial disease (also known as PAD) typically involves areas of narrowing or blockage within an artery, according to Jay Radhakrishnan, an interventional radiologist in Houston, Texas. In addition, chronic venous insufficiency (also known as CVI) involves areas reflux (or backward flow) within the superficial veins of the lower extremities.
PAD is diagnosed with noninvasive testing including ultrasound, CT scan, and/or MRI. Ultrasound is the least expensive of these methods, but also gives the least amount of detail, as CT and MRI show a much higher degree of anatomic detail when identifying areas of narrowing/blockage within an artery. CVI is diagnosed with ultrasound as the venous reflux can be measured accurately by ultrasound, which ultimately guides treatment.
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