In May, the fruit of the eggplant, melon, and vegetables in the greenhouse entered a period of fruitfulness and entered the peak period of water absorption and fertilizer absorption. Therefore, we should fully understand the requirements of fruit and vegetable crops during this period in order to scientific management.
1. Pay attention to reasonable fertilization. The proportion of absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the fruit growth period is different from that in the pre-growth stage. At this time, more potash fertilizer is needed, the demand for phosphate fertilizer is stable, and the demand for nitrogen fertilizer is increased, but nitrogen is required to be lower than required potassium. Many vegetable farmers believe that urea and ammonium bicarbonate can be used as a fruit replenishment fertilizer, and that the higher the amount of fertilizer applied, the higher the yield. This leads to over-application of nitrogen, excessive application of phosphorus, and insufficient potassium fertilizer during the fruit period, resulting in deteriorating soils. Unbalanced plant nutrition, often susceptible to a variety of diseases. For example, when there are too many nitrogen fertilizers, it is often found that the leaves are enlarged, the leaves are dark green, the leaves are thick and hard, twisted, the fruit is reduced or the melon strips are twisted and other salty symptoms. When there are too many phosphate fertilizers, chlorotic symptoms such as zinc deficiency, iron deficiency, and magnesium deficiency will occur because the dissolved phosphate will combine with these elements in the soil and reduce their effectiveness. In the absence of potassium, the lower old leaves appear charred from the edges, the fruits are easy to crack, the sugar content is reduced, the flavor is deteriorated, and the plant premature aging is also caused.
To this end, fertilization in fruit phase should follow the principle of a small number of times, and pay attention to the application of potash fertilizer. When it is necessary to Supplement trace elements, it can be carried out by foliar spraying.
2. Pay attention to the greenhouse temperature and moisture management. As the greenhouse temperature rises, symptoms such as cucumber browning and tomato umbilical rot may sometimes appear. This may be caused by iron deficiency. The temperature of the shed increases too quickly. When the temperature changes violently, it will cause the plants to absorb water. , affect the calcium transport in the plant, causing top calcium deficiency, should adjust the greenhouse temperature in a timely manner to prevent the temperature fluctuations, timely watering and foliar spray calcium fertilizer.
3. Note the occurrence and control of aphids, whitefly, and virus diseases. As the temperature outside the shed increases, the number of viral vectors such as aphids and whitefly increases, and pest control should be emphasized to reduce the occurrence of viral diseases.
1 Covering insect nets is an economical and effective measure. Colorless insect nets are added to all ventilation openings in greenhouses.
2 Set up a disinfectant pool at the entrance of the shed, with quicklime for disinfection of the sole.
3 Prepare 1 bottle of 0.1% potassium permanganate or 10% trisodium phosphate disinfectant for disinfection before operation.
4 control maggots, whitefly can use 1% A-dimensional salt 1500-2000 times spray, while effectively preventing the occurrence of viral disease.
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