Magnolia grandiflora, Magnoliaceae Magnolia is an evergreen tree, because of the great blossom, the shape of lotus, it is also known as "Lotus Magnolia." Guang Yulan is native to the Americas, so it is also known as “Ocean Magnoliaâ€. It was first planted in Guangdong after its introduction, and then it was located in the south of the Jianghuai region. Some cities in Henan Province have artificial cultivation, and they can breed seedlings and grafted seedlings. Landscaping.
Seedlings breeding
Seed collection Magnolia grandiflora seeds mature in early and mid-October. The mother plants of the seed collection should be selected from plants with a tree age of more than 20 years, straight trunks, beautiful trees, and no pests and diseases. For the collected excellent seeds, it is better to place it in the shade in the room. After the cracking occurs, remove the seeds while tapping. Seed collection should be collected annually and sown the following spring. Experiments have shown that the germination rate of seeds is inversely proportional to the storage period and decreases by 10% to 20% per year.
Seed storage Magnolia grandiflora seed storage adopts the sand trap method, that is, the seeds and wet fine sand are stacked one by one in a ratio of 1:3. The fine sand to be stored should be tested by hand. It is best to loosen your hands. The sand seeds are placed in a cool and ventilated place or put in sacks and placed in the cellar. During the placement, the humidity of the sand should be checked frequently. When it is too dry, the water is sprayed, and when it is wet, it is ventilated. Seed sand can be sown when it reaches the end of February and early March of the following year.
Seedbed preparation seedbeds should be selected where the terrain is high, fertility is good, drainage and irrigation are convenient, and it is easy to manage and protect. The seedbed should be a high bed in the north-south direction, 20 cm to 30 cm in height, 1 cm to 1.5 m in width, and 20 cm to 30 cm in width. Before the bed is made, it is necessary to deepen the soil to a depth of 20 cm to 30 cm. Through deep tumbling and stumbling, the soil is finely crushed, no grass and roots, no broken tiles, and flat bed surfaces. Seedling nursery time is generally 1 year to 2 years. Therefore, the base fertilizer should be applied at the time of site preparation. The amount of decomposed organic fertilizer is 15,000 kilograms per hectare, or compound fertilizer is 3,000 kilograms per hectare. Special plots also require phoxim for soil disinfection.
Before the seeds are sown and sown, unqualified seeds such as mildew, defects, and the like should be removed. Seeds soaked for 12 hours before sowing and mixed with wet fine sand in a warm place to germinate. The sowing or sowing method is used for seeding. The density depends on the age of cultivation. It can cultivate 400 to 500 grains per square meter for 1 year and 150 to 200 grains per square meter for more than 2 years. Immediately after the seeds are sown, they should be covered with earth, and the earth-covered layer should be 2 cm to 3 cm thick and uniform. After covering the soil, the flat planks are used to lightly press the seedbed to allow the seeds to closely contact with the soil to restore the effect of the capillary in the soil and facilitate the absorption of water. Spray water in time after sowing, spraying the water for the first time.
After the first time of watering, the seedbed should be covered after the first watering. The cover material can be obtained on the spot. The straw and leaves are mainly used to cover the thickness of 2 cm to 3 cm. After the seedlings are unearthed, they are removed in batches. According to soil moisture and weather conditions, watering, watering to spray irrigation, so that always keep the seedbed moist and no significant water. After the seedlings have been leaf-extracted, they are top-dressed in combination with irrigation and topdressed with 0.1% to 1% nitrogen fertilizer once or twice a month. In order to prevent cracking and compaction of the seedbed, it is necessary to loosen the soil in time. The ripping soil can be carried out separately or simultaneously with the weeding. Weeding should adhere to the principles of early addition, small addition, and addition. The most likely seedling stage is the damping-off of seedlings, which can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP 500 times. After the broadcast of the winter and spring seasons, a plastic shed is to be constructed for insulation. When the minimum temperature is stable above 15 degrees, the plastic shed can be removed. If the cultivation period is more than 2 years, the insulated plastic shed should be a high shed.
Grafting seedlings breeding
Rootstocks were selected from the rootstocks for grafting of broad magnolia, mainly Magnolia saplings such as white magnolia and sorghum. They have strong affinity, high grafting survival rate, and good growth. Rootstocks are best for seedlings that grow robustly, have no pest damage, and have a ground diameter of 0.8 cm or more. Magnolia cuttings can also be used as rootstocks.
Scion selection choose trunk straight, beautiful tree shape, robust growth, pest-free broad magnolia, with its crown in the upper sunny side with annual buds with a strong shoots scion, require scion length 6 cm to 10 cm, there are Two or three plump sprouts and cut the leaves.
Grafting method From late February to early April, rootstock plants with robust growth, a diameter of 0.8 cm or more and no pest damage were selected from the Magnolia nursery. Cut the rootstock 5 cm to 7 cm from the ground, and use the cut-and-close method to connect the harvested scion. The joined scion is then tied tightly with a plastic strip from the bottom to the top to force the wound to heal.
Survival Rate Check After grafting for 15 days, check for survival. If the scion is still fresh, the cortex does not wrinkle and lose water, and full shoots indicate that it has survived. Otherwise need to make up. After two months of grafting, the scions germinated and the plastic strips and bags were removed. When unwinding, in order to avoid touching the scion, use a knife to cut the plastic strip from the bottom up.
After the management of grafted grafting, timely watering according to the weather conditions and soil moisture, irrigation mainly flood irrigation. In the spring and autumn season, organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer is applied in the hole, and organic fertilizer is applied in combination with watering in summer. Loose soil should be combined with weeding. Weeding adheres to early and small addition to the principle. Grafted seedlings more pests and diseases, to the right medicine. For leaf spot, use 65% zein zinc WP 500 times for spray control; for anthrax, use 50% WP wettability 500 times for spraying; for scale insects, spray 40% oxidation Dimethoate emulsion was poisoned by 1000 times; for moth larvae, spraying 50% malathione emulsion 1000 times was poisoned.
Whole-grain porridge is based on whole-grain porridge, and appropriate ingredients such as jujube, peanut, job's tears and wolfberry are added to make the porridge taste sweet and full of nutrition. Modern nutritionist points out, very rich nutrition is contained in whole grain, besides contain protein, sugar, adipose still contain the trace element such as calcium, iron, zinc, still contain dietary fiber and a variety of other nutrients.
The commonly used ingredients are: red bean, mung bean, soybean, black bean, kidney bean, millet, rice, wheat, soybean, sorghum, corn, peanut, walnut, jujube, pumpkin seed, oats, chrysanthemum, shouwu, Huaishan, Pearl barley, wolfberry and so on.
Practice brief:
1, choose the raw materials of porridge, and soak these raw materials in water for several hours;
2. Put the soaked ingredients together with other rice in an electric pressure cooker and cook for 40 minutes.
3. If other POTS are used, the time can be adjusted freely according to the situation, and the boiling glue shall prevail;
4, can adjust the type and ratio of raw materials according to their own preferences. Let the rice be cooked.
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