People who are engaged in aquaculture know that the term "fish farming raises water first" means that many methods will be adopted in aquaculture to divert water. The "fat, live, tender and cool" four-character is a high-level summary of the daily water transfer requirements. However, with the increase of breeding time, pond conditions gradually deteriorated, especially in ponds with large amounts of feed, high yields, inconvenient water exchange, and inability to dredge, and water quality regulation has become an issue of old age and the quality of such ponds. Management requires the simultaneous control of “water†and “earth†to achieve good water transfer. So how do you achieve "both water and soil"? According to many years of research and practice by the technical team of Tongwei Fisheries Technology Corporation, a set of regulation technology “from the bottom, soil remediation and pond water transfer in parallel†has been summarized and applied in the market to achieve good results. The effect, the author focuses on the description of the pond soil remediation technology, I hope you can choose to apply.
What is Pond Soil Remediation
Rehabilitation is an engineering concept that refers to the process of restoring part or all of a damaged specific object to its original state with the aid of external forces. Soil remediation in ponds is the process of restoring the physical and chemical properties and composition of pond soil to the state before culturing, through physical, chemical or biological techniques. Remediation of pond soil is beneficial to restore the vigor of the pond, reduce the bottom hazard, and then improve the ecological stability of the pond to ensure the safety of the breeding.
Several Methods of Pond Soil Remediation
1. Conventional repair
(1) Drainage, dredging, and drying ponds: Clearance of silt in clear ponds is generally performed during the production seasons such as winter or early spring. Use the first row of dry pool water, and then use water to dig the machine to remove the sludge. The dark bottom sediment of the bottom of the pool should be removed each year, and the sediment can be laid on the beach surface of the pond. If the amount is too large, part of it can be dug away. The bottom of the pool undergoes freezing and sun exposure to promote the decomposition of organic matter and eliminate pathogens and other harmful organisms. The drying pond should be sun-dried and the soil should be gray. In the meantime, ponds can also be trimmed and reinforced, plugged leaks, gates repaired and weeds removed.
(2) Soil testing and ion adjustment: Testing of pH, exchange acidity, reduction index, organic matter content, N, P, K, Ca, S and other relevant indicators.
Through the detection of calcium, to determine whether the calcium is missing, determine whether calcium is added; to determine the phosphorus content, determine whether the phosphorus content is sufficient, and whether to add phosphorus fertilizer and the amount of the basis for judgment; PH value, used to determine the soil properties, The amount of lime is calculated when the soil is remedied; the ratio of ammonia to nitric acid is the basis for the determination of the soil reduction index. The higher the ratio, the higher the degree of reduction.
(3) Plowing: After the completion of the drying pond, plowing (turning the soil up and down and leveling), generally only 15 cm to 20 cm can be turned over.
2. Microbial Remediation According to the soil test data, the corresponding microbial population (such as nitrifying microorganisms) and appropriate soil remediation agents (such as dolomite powder, quicklime) are used for restoration. It is also possible to combine the use of organic matter at the bottom of the pond as a substrate for microbial integration and directed proliferation, and then inoculated back to the bottom of the pond to optimize the microbial population at the bottom of the pond and accelerate soil remediation.
3. Phytoremediation Conditionally closed fishing ponds, plants can be planted, such as grass or vegetables, after the end of the planting period using a dry method, so that plants naturally die, and then use plows and rakes or other methods to clean, dry, buried in the soil Smoldering. For the pond soil contaminated by heavy metals, the most effective detoxification repair is to plant plants that can absorb heavy metals. When using plants to remove heavy metals, the roots must be removed and properly treated to avoid secondary pollution.
4. High-temperature treatment If the sunlight intensity is not enough or continuous rainy weather, the effect of the drying pond cannot be achieved. The method of burning can be used to recover the pond soil quickly.
Pond soil remediation is an important operation content for sustainable pond cultivation. For ponds with serious diseases and ecological imbalance, we must pay special attention to the bottom of the pond. In practical operation, we must select appropriate methods and scientific operations according to site conditions.
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