The purpose of raising male deer is to produce high-quality, high-yielding velvet and breeding seeds. In order to facilitate production management and increase the productivity of deer, according to the characteristics of the physiological stage of the deer during different growth periods within a year, the deer can be divided into the winter recovery period, the early period of velvet, the period of velvet, the period of rounding the velvet and the breeding period. 5 Production period.
Due to the differences in geographical environment and climate between the north and the south of China, the deer's specific division in these periods is slightly different. In the north, from the late January to the end of March, it is the prolonged antler, and from the early April to the mid-August, it is the long antler period. From late August to mid-November, it is the breeding period (officially participating in breeding is mostly after mid-September). 11 The recovery period is from the end of the month to the middle of January. In the southern provinces, time varies due to different climates. The division of the above production period is more suitable for the north.
During the winter recovery period, in order for the male deer to normally pass winter, it is required to rapidly restore the body condition of the male deer and increase his physical fitness. In winter, the male deer diet should be based on roughage. While supplementing the concentrate, some energy feeds should be added at the same time. Gradually, the actual feed should be gradually increased to keep it in the medium condition of Bachengyu.
The amount of concentrate feed should be increased gradually before the antler (Sika deer at the end of February and red deer in early January) to promote the public deer's growth and rejuvenation. When it comes to release, it should basically be close to the amount of the antler's diet. . Increasing about 0.1 kg every 3 days to 5 days or 7 days to 10 days. After sawing the three pods, the concentrate feed should be reduced to 1/3 to 1/2 of the original immediately. The purpose is to reduce the public deer's ecstasy so as to reduce the casualties caused by the deer fighting during the breeding period.
The preparation of early veterinary diets should be 50% for grasses, 30% for legumes, and 20% for bran, and it is very important to add deer to concentrates at this time. Feed high quality protein feeds. Such as turtle powder, etc. to supplement minerals, trace elements, so that the deer body reached 90% sensation, lay the foundation for the body deer antler period of metabolism.
During the velvet period, the sika deer saw three antler velvets with average daily fresh weight of 30.05 grams, Northeast Red Deer 1 saws ~11 saw antler antler and daily fresh weight of 55.319.3 grams. Therefore, the velvet period must have higher nutritional levels. .
The sika deer's velvet period is approximately April to August every year. It is an important period for deer products. At this time, the male deer not only needs the nutrients of its own survival, but also has to meet the nutrition needed for the growth of the antler.
The results showed that the protein level in the antler diet of two saw plum blossom deer was about 23%, and three sawn deer should be the best for body weight gain and velvet at 21%. At the same time, the amount of minerals and vitamins should also be guaranteed.
The sika deer began to emerge in early April. It was the long antler of adult male deer from May to June, and the velvet period of the male deer from 2 to 3 years old from June to July. It lived from July to August. The late period of velvet and the period of growth of the regenerated velvet. General male deer long-lasting for about 40 days for the two sticks, about 70 days for the three-furrow.
The physiological characteristics of the male deer antler are the disappearance of libido, atrophy of the testicles, an increase in appetite, and a strong metabolism. The weight of the deer continues to increase, and the antler grows rapidly. It has been proved that the protein content of refined material in the veterinary period diet is appropriate at 23%, and adding 8% of fishmeal can significantly improve the velvet yield.
It is necessary to adopt high-energy, high-protein, high-input measures for rations. The general male deer's antler period is relatively early, about 15 days ahead of the male deer.
Male deer need a lot of nutrients during the period of velvet, especially protein, minerals and vitamins. If the velvet period is hot during the summer, keep the deer drinking enough water. The water supply is 7 to 9 liters per day for spotted deer and 15 to 20 liters per day for red deer.
The proportion of rations should be: 50% for legume subspecies, 20% for subspecies, 30% for bran, and more as much as possible for succulent feed and roughage. Feeding concentrates 3 times a day with plenty of water.
At the same time, in order to meet the nutritional needs of deer and antler, it is also necessary to properly provide some concentrates and green feed, but also to improve the quality and palatability of male deer rations. To increase the proportion of beans and their products in concentrates to more than 50% to 60%. When feeding deer foods such as soybeans, it is best to make soybeans into soya milk, which is then heated and cooked and then consumed by public deer. It can also be mixed with other concentrates or fed directly.
When using the bean cake, firstly grind the bean cake into a fine surface and mix it evenly with other fine ingredients, or mix it with boiling water before mixing. While guaranteeing full-price concentrates, in addition to feeding a large amount of silage to the whole plant corn, some young trees and leaves of the green poplar must also be cut to adjust.
When grass is harvestable, feed the grass in time. In addition, salt is added in an appropriate amount when the concentrate is prepared, and a salt tank is often provided in the deer ring for deer free salt. Feeding calcium and other mineral feeds are generally mixed in the concentrate feed.
When the deer farms increase their concentrates, they usually adopt a small, slow, gradual increase in feeding, to prevent "top loading" due to excessive feeding.
During the deer breeding period, the breeder should always pay attention to the care of the deer to prevent the accident caused by the deer’s panic. The deer must be destroyed if it is not falling off. This will not cause strange growth. Horn; to the biting venomous male deer, promptly set aside, another feeding.
In addition, if the summer weather is too hot and the dwelling is very dry, some cold water can be spilled in the deer ring to improve the humidity and temperature in the dwelling. During the velvet period, we must pay attention to keeping the deer’s house quiet and refuse to visit outsiders.
Before the deer enters the velvet period, foreign objects such as iron nails, iron wires, wooden piles, etc. at walls, doors, columns, etc. must be removed from the deer to prevent injury to the antler.
In the late period of male deer velvet, after harvesting head velvet, a large amount of green grazing grass is fed to the deer; if it is a deer farm, it is necessary to feed a large amount of poplar branches and leaves. The vegetative and ecological nutrients of the green grazing grass and the young green twigs can replace the medium 1/3 of the concentrate.
After harvesting the regenerative velvet, the sawn-tailed male deer should be kept in separate groups for management purposes. For male deers between 3 and 4 years old, there is generally no stoppage during this period, as sexual activity is less severe during the male deer estrus season. It is necessary to reduce the concentrates of the production group deer in order to control the public opinion, reduce the sexual desire of the deer, and reduce casualties due to fighting and top collisions in the future.
Breeding Period Management During the season of deer breeding, keepers must clean the pens regularly and disinfect regularly to prevent deer-infected and necrotic bacillus disease. At the same time, it is also necessary to repair the pens to prevent the deer or running deer. When it is hot and dry, it can be sprayed with cold water in the pens to improve the environment's warm and wet conditions, prevent dust from being raised, and harm the deer's health.
Breeding methods: grouping, the male deer will be put together, with 50 to 100 female deer, male deer 20 ~ 30 mixed group, let it mate. However, the disadvantage of this method is that the male deer is prone to disputes and causes casualties.
Mutual allocation: To divide the female deer into 4 to 5 small groups, put a deer in each small group. After a certain period of time, exchange the deer in each small group.
Rotation: The male deer participating in breeding will be placed in batches in turns. The breeding effects of these methods are good and the conception rate is higher. However, after mating, we must pay attention to observation and find that there is no childbirth to be supplemented in time.
Due to the differences in geographical environment and climate between the north and the south of China, the deer's specific division in these periods is slightly different. In the north, from the late January to the end of March, it is the prolonged antler, and from the early April to the mid-August, it is the long antler period. From late August to mid-November, it is the breeding period (officially participating in breeding is mostly after mid-September). 11 The recovery period is from the end of the month to the middle of January. In the southern provinces, time varies due to different climates. The division of the above production period is more suitable for the north.
During the winter recovery period, in order for the male deer to normally pass winter, it is required to rapidly restore the body condition of the male deer and increase his physical fitness. In winter, the male deer diet should be based on roughage. While supplementing the concentrate, some energy feeds should be added at the same time. Gradually, the actual feed should be gradually increased to keep it in the medium condition of Bachengyu.
The amount of concentrate feed should be increased gradually before the antler (Sika deer at the end of February and red deer in early January) to promote the public deer's growth and rejuvenation. When it comes to release, it should basically be close to the amount of the antler's diet. . Increasing about 0.1 kg every 3 days to 5 days or 7 days to 10 days. After sawing the three pods, the concentrate feed should be reduced to 1/3 to 1/2 of the original immediately. The purpose is to reduce the public deer's ecstasy so as to reduce the casualties caused by the deer fighting during the breeding period.
The preparation of early veterinary diets should be 50% for grasses, 30% for legumes, and 20% for bran, and it is very important to add deer to concentrates at this time. Feed high quality protein feeds. Such as turtle powder, etc. to supplement minerals, trace elements, so that the deer body reached 90% sensation, lay the foundation for the body deer antler period of metabolism.
During the velvet period, the sika deer saw three antler velvets with average daily fresh weight of 30.05 grams, Northeast Red Deer 1 saws ~11 saw antler antler and daily fresh weight of 55.319.3 grams. Therefore, the velvet period must have higher nutritional levels. .
The sika deer's velvet period is approximately April to August every year. It is an important period for deer products. At this time, the male deer not only needs the nutrients of its own survival, but also has to meet the nutrition needed for the growth of the antler.
The results showed that the protein level in the antler diet of two saw plum blossom deer was about 23%, and three sawn deer should be the best for body weight gain and velvet at 21%. At the same time, the amount of minerals and vitamins should also be guaranteed.
The sika deer began to emerge in early April. It was the long antler of adult male deer from May to June, and the velvet period of the male deer from 2 to 3 years old from June to July. It lived from July to August. The late period of velvet and the period of growth of the regenerated velvet. General male deer long-lasting for about 40 days for the two sticks, about 70 days for the three-furrow.
The physiological characteristics of the male deer antler are the disappearance of libido, atrophy of the testicles, an increase in appetite, and a strong metabolism. The weight of the deer continues to increase, and the antler grows rapidly. It has been proved that the protein content of refined material in the veterinary period diet is appropriate at 23%, and adding 8% of fishmeal can significantly improve the velvet yield.
It is necessary to adopt high-energy, high-protein, high-input measures for rations. The general male deer's antler period is relatively early, about 15 days ahead of the male deer.
Male deer need a lot of nutrients during the period of velvet, especially protein, minerals and vitamins. If the velvet period is hot during the summer, keep the deer drinking enough water. The water supply is 7 to 9 liters per day for spotted deer and 15 to 20 liters per day for red deer.
The proportion of rations should be: 50% for legume subspecies, 20% for subspecies, 30% for bran, and more as much as possible for succulent feed and roughage. Feeding concentrates 3 times a day with plenty of water.
At the same time, in order to meet the nutritional needs of deer and antler, it is also necessary to properly provide some concentrates and green feed, but also to improve the quality and palatability of male deer rations. To increase the proportion of beans and their products in concentrates to more than 50% to 60%. When feeding deer foods such as soybeans, it is best to make soybeans into soya milk, which is then heated and cooked and then consumed by public deer. It can also be mixed with other concentrates or fed directly.
When using the bean cake, firstly grind the bean cake into a fine surface and mix it evenly with other fine ingredients, or mix it with boiling water before mixing. While guaranteeing full-price concentrates, in addition to feeding a large amount of silage to the whole plant corn, some young trees and leaves of the green poplar must also be cut to adjust.
When grass is harvestable, feed the grass in time. In addition, salt is added in an appropriate amount when the concentrate is prepared, and a salt tank is often provided in the deer ring for deer free salt. Feeding calcium and other mineral feeds are generally mixed in the concentrate feed.
When the deer farms increase their concentrates, they usually adopt a small, slow, gradual increase in feeding, to prevent "top loading" due to excessive feeding.
During the deer breeding period, the breeder should always pay attention to the care of the deer to prevent the accident caused by the deer’s panic. The deer must be destroyed if it is not falling off. This will not cause strange growth. Horn; to the biting venomous male deer, promptly set aside, another feeding.
In addition, if the summer weather is too hot and the dwelling is very dry, some cold water can be spilled in the deer ring to improve the humidity and temperature in the dwelling. During the velvet period, we must pay attention to keeping the deer’s house quiet and refuse to visit outsiders.
Before the deer enters the velvet period, foreign objects such as iron nails, iron wires, wooden piles, etc. at walls, doors, columns, etc. must be removed from the deer to prevent injury to the antler.
In the late period of male deer velvet, after harvesting head velvet, a large amount of green grazing grass is fed to the deer; if it is a deer farm, it is necessary to feed a large amount of poplar branches and leaves. The vegetative and ecological nutrients of the green grazing grass and the young green twigs can replace the medium 1/3 of the concentrate.
After harvesting the regenerative velvet, the sawn-tailed male deer should be kept in separate groups for management purposes. For male deers between 3 and 4 years old, there is generally no stoppage during this period, as sexual activity is less severe during the male deer estrus season. It is necessary to reduce the concentrates of the production group deer in order to control the public opinion, reduce the sexual desire of the deer, and reduce casualties due to fighting and top collisions in the future.
Breeding Period Management During the season of deer breeding, keepers must clean the pens regularly and disinfect regularly to prevent deer-infected and necrotic bacillus disease. At the same time, it is also necessary to repair the pens to prevent the deer or running deer. When it is hot and dry, it can be sprayed with cold water in the pens to improve the environment's warm and wet conditions, prevent dust from being raised, and harm the deer's health.
Breeding methods: grouping, the male deer will be put together, with 50 to 100 female deer, male deer 20 ~ 30 mixed group, let it mate. However, the disadvantage of this method is that the male deer is prone to disputes and causes casualties.
Mutual allocation: To divide the female deer into 4 to 5 small groups, put a deer in each small group. After a certain period of time, exchange the deer in each small group.
Rotation: The male deer participating in breeding will be placed in batches in turns. The breeding effects of these methods are good and the conception rate is higher. However, after mating, we must pay attention to observation and find that there is no childbirth to be supplemented in time.
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