Seed processing is the operation of the seed material utilization equipment on the site, so that the seed's netness can reach more than 90%, among which the removal of various impurities in the seed material is the first step in the commercialization of seed processing. In general, people hope that the higher the cleanliness of seeds, the better, but the difficulty will increase. With the full implementation of the seed project in our country, scientific and rational selection of seed processing equipment is necessary.
First, understand the seed's attributes
When choosing a seed processing facility, it is first necessary to understand the properties of the seed, as well as the shape and characteristics of the seed, in order to be targeted. The impurities in the seed are divided according to the geometric size, and there are large and small miscellaneous products. According to the length and length, there are long and short miscellaneous products. According to the weight, there are light and heavy miscellaneous items. Even if they are all light and miscellaneous, they still have light weight and light density. And relatively light points.
There are differences in color, called different color particles, but also a kind of seed impurity classification. Since the impurities and properties of seeds are different, the processing methods are different. Different processing methods will inevitably require different seed processing equipment, which determines the diversity of seed processing equipment.
Second, master the processing methods of seeds
Unnecessary seed inclusions (such as weed seeds and inerts) in seeds, as well as seeds that are immature, broken, degraded, subject to pests or mechanical damage, and seeded as needed The size of the size classification, to improve the quality of the seed is called select; use a single machine to treat the seed, this processing method is called seed cleaning; use a variety of methods to reduce the moisture content of the seed, so that it can be safely stored requirements of the process It is called seed drying; the seed is treated with protective drugs or other methods - the process of mixing or coating is called seed treatment; the process of seed drying, selection, coating, and metering and packaging becomes a qualified product. They are collectively referred to as seed processing; a single machine that has different functions and functions, and a line that is combined according to the needs of seed processing, is called seed processing equipment. Seed processing can only increase the clarity of the seeds, but does not increase the purity. In addition, some vegetable seeds must be packed in iron cans or various plastic bags after processing. The moisture content is required to be lower. Special seed processing equipment is required to meet the technical requirements.
Third, the selection of seed processing equipment
1. The selection of functions and grades should be suitable for seed processing equipment with different working principles. The impurities and functions removed in the process of seed processing are given a particular emphasis. Due to the large number of types of seed processing equipment, their use functions and grades are also different. In the primary grade, single machines may be used. Such equipment can only remove certain impurities and it is difficult to process at one time. For mid-range grades, matching units can be selected. This type of equipment is suitable for production and operation in the seed industry, with low investment, quick effect, and operation. Simple, easy to move, solid and durable, high return rate features; high-grade, large-scale equipment can be selected or assembly line, such equipment investment, modernization, adapt to large-scale production and operation, can achieve good results of seed processing.
2. The selection of various single machines should be careful
1 The light and diseased seeds are obviously lighter in weight, and the size is obviously different from that of good seeds. The wind screen type cleaning machine should be preferred. At present, this kind of equipment is most commonly used. 2 Before seed cleaning, some seeds need to be threshed, seeded, awned, fluffed, polished, and stoned. In this case, the corresponding equipment can be used for processing. Such as corn seed processing, should be selected threshing machine; cotton seeds need to down, should use the appropriate dehairing machine; rice needs to remove rice awns, should be used in addition to Mans. 3 If there is a significant difference in the length of the seed to be removed, and after the wind screen type cleaner is selected, if there are still long or short miscellaneous items that cannot be removed, a pocket-type concentrator should be considered. 4 After processed by a sifting screen sorter and a nest-type concentrator, the seed's net clarity has been significantly improved, and the particle size is relatively uniform, but there are still some dry pods, pods, and ear rot particles in corn; Dry grains, worm grains, and shell grains in wheat; dry grains, smut grains, and bud grains in rice; grains, diseased grains, and wrinkled grains in legumes; these impurities are mostly Density impurities are often similar to good seeds in terms of weight, and even more important than good seeds, it is necessary to consider selecting a specific gravity type concentrator for removal. In general, the operation of the specific gravity type concentration machine is more difficult than the wind screen type cleaning machine. 5 If the seeds have been selected after the selection has been completed, deep processing is also required. For example, mixing, coating, pelletizing, metering, and packaging, the corresponding seed machinery must be selected to complete such processing.
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