Red citing, that is, the Red Earth, the origin of the United States, Eurasian species, introduced to the United States from the United States in 1987. In Hongta District, introduced in 2003, 50 hectares of land were planted at 1640 meters above sea level in Yanhe Town. After 2009, the area expanded rapidly. At present, more than 3,000 acres have been planted in the whole region. The products are exported to Guangdong, Shenzhen, and Vietnam for export. Economic and ecological benefits Significant. Now introduce its cultivation techniques as follows:
1. The site selection site in the United States has to be selected for convenient transportation, good irrigation and drainage conditions, a deep fertile red soil, sandy red loam soil or white clay soil, and a grape base in a region where the groundwater table is low and can be centralized and scaled.
2-3 months before transplanting, excavation and planting ditch, north and south to open ditch, ditch depth 50cm, width 60cm, topsoil new soil, topsoil filling bottom, middle farmland fertilizer and calcium, apply 3 tons of fertilizer per acre, general calcium 100kg, compound fertilizer 20kg. After the upper layer is filled with new soil, it can be planted.
2. The planting density of planting is 1.5 -1.8mx0.6 -0.7m, such as planting one-year-old seedlings and planting them in December. Such as planting shoots, planted in late February, planted 2 buds, the third bud exposed, pouring enough water, covered with plastic film.
With fence-type cultivation, cement piles (2.5 meters high) are used before planting, and piles are planted at intervals of 5 to 7 meters. Three to four iron wires are set up on the piles. The bottom line should be off the ground. -70cm, the rest of the tracks are 40 -50cm apart.
3. Management of vines.
Shear type multi-maintenance natural shaping. The buds below the first line were all wiped out, and all the tendrils on the branches were removed. When the main vine is 0.6 -1 m high, the first picking is done. When the auxiliary tip is extended to 1.5 meters, the second picking is done. When the longest last line is reached, the third picking is done. Cut off all branches of the first wire during the winter cut and apply 5 Baume degree lime sulfur on the pile. In the second year, two or three buds are usually selected as the hanging fruit twigs, leaving 10 leaves at each fruiting place and repeatedly topping.
4. Flower and fruit management.
The main contents of the management of the Red Globe grape fruit and fruit are the sparse inflorescence and ear, and the excessive spikes, spikelets and special-shaped spikes must be removed. Each spike is generally not more than 1000 grams, and 2000-2500 kg per acre is appropriate. With the stripping strips, the ears should be sorted, the tip of the spikes must be removed to make the ears consistent, and the secondary fruit inflorescences or ears should be removed as soon as possible, and the small grains and deformed grains should be removed. So as not to waste nutrients. When the size of fruit peas is bagged, the lower part of the bag is torn and lifted 1-2 weeks before harvesting to promote coloration.
5. Water and fertilizer management.
Irrigation depends on the weather conditions and moisture retention of the soil. Generally, it is fed once before germination in March. It is fed once before flowering in April and once during the fruit expansion in early May. If you enter the rainy season after June, you should pay attention to drainage.
The grape should be given a good six points for fertilization. One is to pay attention to basal fertilization after harvest. Fertilize in the first half of October. Dig the fertilizing ditch on one side. Apply 3-6 tons of chicken manure per acre. Add 50g of calcium phosphate, 3kg of zinc sulfate, and 3kg of boron to the excrement surface. Then fill it with soil. The second is budding fertilizer, which applies a fertilizer 7 days before sprouting. The third is the precipitating fertilizer, in the other side of the application of basal fertilization, urea fertilization 50kg / mu, into the strong shoots Zhuanghua, four young fruit expansion. Before applying the bagging (when the fruit peas are large), apply 50kg of compound fertilizer (on the other side of urea). Fifth, color fertilizer. In early July, 20-30 kg of potassium fertilizer will be applied per acre, and 30 kg of normal calcium will be used. Sixth is dressing fertilizer outside the roots. In the young fruit period and rapid growth period, spraying borax 500 times to preserve and protect fruits, and spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300-500 times before maturity to increase fruit sugar content.
6. Pest control.
Grape diseases and insect pests are relatively numerous, especially in the high temperature and rainy season. Black bean disease and downy mildew. In winter, the entire dendrite was cut off with Bordeaux mixture or 5 degree lime sulfur. In March, before the grape was sprouted, it was sprayed 1-2 times with Baume 3-5 degree lime sulfur plus 200 times sodium pentachlorophenol. After germination, it is sprayed once with 1:0.3:240 times of Bordeaux mixture. When the new shoot grows to 30 cm, it is sprayed alternately with fungicide and Bordeaux mixture. During this period, new shoots were found to be sick and the new shoots should be burned and destroyed. Before flowering, it was sprayed once with 0.5:1:200 Bordeaux mixture, and once again after 10 days of flowering, it was re-inoculated once with 800 times. 6-8 months is the peak period of onset. The diseased orchard is sprayed 1-2 times with 10-15% ammonium sulfate. Then spray with equal amount of 1:1:200 Bordeaux once and then use tumeste, chlorothalonil, etc., and Bordeaux mixture or lime sulfur alternative drug, add 3-5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The main insect pests are Pyroptera and Plutella xylostella, which can be killed by 50% dichlorvos 800 times.
7. Picking.
Should not be adopted in advance, otherwise not only poor quality and low sugar content, but also not resistant to storage. Post-harvest and fashion boxes, kept at low temperatures.
1. The site selection site in the United States has to be selected for convenient transportation, good irrigation and drainage conditions, a deep fertile red soil, sandy red loam soil or white clay soil, and a grape base in a region where the groundwater table is low and can be centralized and scaled.
2-3 months before transplanting, excavation and planting ditch, north and south to open ditch, ditch depth 50cm, width 60cm, topsoil new soil, topsoil filling bottom, middle farmland fertilizer and calcium, apply 3 tons of fertilizer per acre, general calcium 100kg, compound fertilizer 20kg. After the upper layer is filled with new soil, it can be planted.
2. The planting density of planting is 1.5 -1.8mx0.6 -0.7m, such as planting one-year-old seedlings and planting them in December. Such as planting shoots, planted in late February, planted 2 buds, the third bud exposed, pouring enough water, covered with plastic film.
With fence-type cultivation, cement piles (2.5 meters high) are used before planting, and piles are planted at intervals of 5 to 7 meters. Three to four iron wires are set up on the piles. The bottom line should be off the ground. -70cm, the rest of the tracks are 40 -50cm apart.
3. Management of vines.
Shear type multi-maintenance natural shaping. The buds below the first line were all wiped out, and all the tendrils on the branches were removed. When the main vine is 0.6 -1 m high, the first picking is done. When the auxiliary tip is extended to 1.5 meters, the second picking is done. When the longest last line is reached, the third picking is done. Cut off all branches of the first wire during the winter cut and apply 5 Baume degree lime sulfur on the pile. In the second year, two or three buds are usually selected as the hanging fruit twigs, leaving 10 leaves at each fruiting place and repeatedly topping.
4. Flower and fruit management.
The main contents of the management of the Red Globe grape fruit and fruit are the sparse inflorescence and ear, and the excessive spikes, spikelets and special-shaped spikes must be removed. Each spike is generally not more than 1000 grams, and 2000-2500 kg per acre is appropriate. With the stripping strips, the ears should be sorted, the tip of the spikes must be removed to make the ears consistent, and the secondary fruit inflorescences or ears should be removed as soon as possible, and the small grains and deformed grains should be removed. So as not to waste nutrients. When the size of fruit peas is bagged, the lower part of the bag is torn and lifted 1-2 weeks before harvesting to promote coloration.
5. Water and fertilizer management.
Irrigation depends on the weather conditions and moisture retention of the soil. Generally, it is fed once before germination in March. It is fed once before flowering in April and once during the fruit expansion in early May. If you enter the rainy season after June, you should pay attention to drainage.
The grape should be given a good six points for fertilization. One is to pay attention to basal fertilization after harvest. Fertilize in the first half of October. Dig the fertilizing ditch on one side. Apply 3-6 tons of chicken manure per acre. Add 50g of calcium phosphate, 3kg of zinc sulfate, and 3kg of boron to the excrement surface. Then fill it with soil. The second is budding fertilizer, which applies a fertilizer 7 days before sprouting. The third is the precipitating fertilizer, in the other side of the application of basal fertilization, urea fertilization 50kg / mu, into the strong shoots Zhuanghua, four young fruit expansion. Before applying the bagging (when the fruit peas are large), apply 50kg of compound fertilizer (on the other side of urea). Fifth, color fertilizer. In early July, 20-30 kg of potassium fertilizer will be applied per acre, and 30 kg of normal calcium will be used. Sixth is dressing fertilizer outside the roots. In the young fruit period and rapid growth period, spraying borax 500 times to preserve and protect fruits, and spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300-500 times before maturity to increase fruit sugar content.
6. Pest control.
Grape diseases and insect pests are relatively numerous, especially in the high temperature and rainy season. Black bean disease and downy mildew. In winter, the entire dendrite was cut off with Bordeaux mixture or 5 degree lime sulfur. In March, before the grape was sprouted, it was sprayed 1-2 times with Baume 3-5 degree lime sulfur plus 200 times sodium pentachlorophenol. After germination, it is sprayed once with 1:0.3:240 times of Bordeaux mixture. When the new shoot grows to 30 cm, it is sprayed alternately with fungicide and Bordeaux mixture. During this period, new shoots were found to be sick and the new shoots should be burned and destroyed. Before flowering, it was sprayed once with 0.5:1:200 Bordeaux mixture, and once again after 10 days of flowering, it was re-inoculated once with 800 times. 6-8 months is the peak period of onset. The diseased orchard is sprayed 1-2 times with 10-15% ammonium sulfate. Then spray with equal amount of 1:1:200 Bordeaux once and then use tumeste, chlorothalonil, etc., and Bordeaux mixture or lime sulfur alternative drug, add 3-5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The main insect pests are Pyroptera and Plutella xylostella, which can be killed by 50% dichlorvos 800 times.
7. Picking.
Should not be adopted in advance, otherwise not only poor quality and low sugar content, but also not resistant to storage. Post-harvest and fashion boxes, kept at low temperatures.
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