Understanding how to control the oxygen levels during fermentation is essential for choosing between anaerobic and aerobic processes. For example, when using a second-generation silage fermenter, the process is typically anaerobic, meaning it doesn’t require oxygen. On the other hand, composting with Kinpai-type fermentation aids involves aerobic fermentation, which relies on oxygen to support microbial activity.
In anaerobic fermentation, the key is to keep the material sealed and free from air exposure. This prevents oxygen from entering, allowing the right type of microbes to thrive. In contrast, aerobic fermentation requires the material to be well-ventilated so that microbes can function properly without being suffocated by lack of oxygen.
To ensure proper oxygen supply in aerobic fermentation, several techniques are commonly used:
First, turning the pile. Large-scale operations often use machinery to turn the compost regularly, while small farmers might do it manually. Turning helps mix the materials and allows fresh air to circulate, promoting even decomposition.
Second, punching holes. This method is simple and effective, especially for those with limited labor. By inserting a sharpened wooden stick into the pile and pulling it out, you create small air channels. The more holes you make, the better the airflow. This technique works well with materials like Kinpo Matrix Substrate Fermentation Aid.
Third, covering the pile correctly. A breathable cover made of straw or burlap is ideal. If using plastic sheeting, make sure it’s elevated 10–20 cm above the pile using bricks or sticks. Leaving small gaps also helps maintain good air circulation.
Finally, using a blower. This is a more advanced option, particularly useful in large-scale operations. A blower can rapidly introduce oxygen into the pile, speeding up the fermentation process when needed.
By understanding these methods, you can better manage your fermentation process and achieve optimal results, whether you're working with silage, compost, or other organic materials.Insect pheromones are compounds used by insects to represent various information such as aggregation, foraging, mating, and alerting. They are the chemical molecular language of insect communication. At present, the basic control measures for pests in agricultural production mainly rely on chemical pesticides, but the long-term uncontrolled use of chemical pesticides has brought many side effects. The first is the emergence of pest resistance, which causes the use of drugs and drug concentrations to increase, the cost increases year by year, and the prevention and control of increasingly difficult; the second is to disrupt the ecological balance, while controlling a large number of natural enemies were killed, causing the pupae of secondary pests; Third, it pollutes the environment. A large amount of pesticides remain in crops, soils, rivers, lakes, and seas, and they are enriched in the human body through the form of food chain, causing another harm to humanity. Therefore, relevant research departments in many countries are currently working hard to explore and study new approaches and technologies for pest control. These studies include: the development of new, efficient, environmentally friendly, low-toxic, low-residue chemical pesticides; natural enemy insects and microorganisms The use of pesticides; insect sterilization technology and the application of insect hormones; among them, the research on the use of insect hormones, especially insect sex pheromones for pest control, is receiving increasing attention and attention.
Research on insect pheromone has been developing rapidly. Since the first insect pheromone Bombykol, has been isolated and identified, more than 2,000 insect pheromones and their analogs have been identified and synthesized worldwide, of which more than 100 insect pheromone To achieve commercial production, the production and research of Lepidoptera sex pheromones is the most extensive and comprehensive.
Insect communication, Including Sex pheromone, Collection pheromone,Alert pheromone, Tracking pheromone
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