Imitation of eco-cultivation is a hybrid approach that combines pre-industrial greenhouse techniques with post-season outdoor pond farming. The method involves using the fast growth advantages of industrial greenhouses to rapidly grow juvenile oysters from 3g to 5g in a short time. These are then raised to around 150g–250g, before being transferred to outdoor ponds for final development using natural or commercial feed. This strategy aims to enhance the quality of commercially farmed oysters. The system integrates greenhouse aquaculture with pond maintenance and nesting practices, and it's currently gaining traction.
Based on current understanding, there are several key factors to consider:
First, selecting suitable oyster varieties is crucial. In Zhejiang, popular species include Xiaoshan’s Japanese Chinese sturgeon, Deqing’s Qingxi flower hoe, Jiashan’s Liutaji, and Shaoxing’s Jiangnan flower worm. These have been recognized as high-quality breeds by experts and are well-received by consumers. However, it's important to avoid overcultivating Taiwan cockroaches, as they may confuse some buyers and affect market stability.
Second, managing stocking density in greenhouses is essential. A range of 20–50 per square meter is typical. During feeding, careful medication control is necessary to prevent drug residues. Juveniles should have a two-week adaptation period before transfer, during which their diet shifts from clams to larger ones, and water temperature gradually decreases to match outdoor conditions. Only healthy individuals weighing about 0.25kg should be moved, and they must be disinfected before entering the pond.
Third, outdoor management requires attention to several aspects. Stocking density should not exceed 400 per mu, and male-to-female ratios must be balanced to prevent aggression and disease. Polyculture with fish, earthworms, and other species can boost efficiency. Outdoor ponds should ideally be 5–10 mu in size, with 1.5–2m depth. Flexible grid systems and drying platforms can improve environmental conditions. Feeding should include fresh live food supplemented with specialized feeds to maintain quality and appearance. Finally, harvesting should occur when oysters reach around 0.7kg, avoiding overgrowth that reduces market value.
Lastly, this imitation eco-cultivation model offers significant benefits. It makes use of existing facilities, balances market supply, increases economic and ecological returns, and improves product quality. By combining greenhouse and pond stages, it reduces costs, shortens breeding cycles, and enhances overall profitability. This approach represents a promising path for sustainable aquaculture development.
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