Guizhou stands as the third-largest province in China for the production of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. It has been officially recognized by the Ministry of Science and Technology as a national base for the modernization of science and technology in this field. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a vital role in the province's economy, with Yinjiang emerging as one of the first designated bases for cultivating Chinese herbal medicines. The region is particularly rich in wild *Gastrodia elata* (Tianma), which holds great potential for economic development. To harness this natural resource effectively, the innovative method of "promoting seed sowing techniques for *Gastrodia* seeds" was introduced by Professor Xu Jintang from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Zeng Jiyong’s family took on the challenge of indoor seed cultivation and pollination, leading to successful results. Here's a detailed summary of their approach:
**First, Materials and Methods**
1. **Material Selection**: The team used wild *Gastrodia elata* species known as “Jianma,†along with materials such as bricks, wooden (paper) boxes, river sand, germination bacteria, disinfectant solution, gardenia, fungus sticks, and plastic bags.
2. **Seed Production Techniques**: In mid-March 2002, 645 high-quality wild *Gastrodia* plants were planted indoors in a disinfected river sand box measuring 4.0 meters long, 4.0 meters wide, and 0.2 meters thick. After 30 days of dormancy, the plants began to sprout, producing stems and buds. During the morning hours from 9 am to 5 pm, cross-pollination was conducted according to strict procedures. Once the seeds matured, they were sown immediately—since *Gastrodia* seeds lack stored nutrients—and mixed with 0.5 kg of germinating bacteria to enhance germination success.
**Second, Results and Analysis**
1. **Seed Production Outcome**: A total of 645 *Gastrodia* plants were planted, resulting in 613 live plants being harvested, achieving a 95% success rate. A total of 31,900 pods were collected, weighing 4,060 grams. On average, each plant produced 52 pods, with an average weight of 6.6 grams per plant.
2. **Outdoor Cultivation Performance**: On November 23, a random sampling of three batches of sown seeds showed that the rice plants grew well, exhibiting strong and healthy growth.
**Third, Summary and Discussion**
1. The successful sexual seed production of wild *Gastrodia* and the establishment of a seedling base have resolved critical issues associated with vegetative propagation, such as variety degradation, low gastrodin content, poor quality, and declining yields. This significantly enhances the market competitiveness of *Gastrodia elata*.
2. By using wild *Tianma* for sexual reproduction and cultivating it, the resulting product maintains high quality, aligning closely with the standards required for industrialized TCM practices. This accelerates the pace of industrialization and helps reflect the unique characteristics of local products, promoting economic growth.
3. Establishing a *Tianma* seed base can meet the growing demand for commercial seed production while also driving the development of surrounding towns and villages.
4. *Gastrodia* cultivation offers numerous advantages: it doesn’t require arable land, has a short production cycle, delivers quick results, requires simple techniques, involves low investment, and provides high economic returns. As a result, it serves as an effective strategy for rural poverty alleviation and sustainable development.
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