A "closed loop" artificial pancreas has been launched in the US
November 23, 2016 Source: Sohu Health
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];On September 28, 2016, the FDA approved the MiniMed 670G combined closed-loop system from Medtronic for patients with type 1 diabetes who are 14 years of age and older.
Although the MiniMed670G needs to be calibrated once every 12 hours, the blood glucose sensor needs to be adjusted once a week, and the insulin reservoir should be added every 3 days, but compared with the traditional hourly blood test method, Medtronic is in the blood glucose control technology. Great progress has been made.
In a clinical study involving 123 patients with type 1 diabetes over a three-month period:
Glycated hemoglobin A1c decreased from 7.4% to 6.9%;
Hypoglycemia time (less than 70mg / dl) decreased by 44%;
High-risk hypoglycemia time (less than 50mg/dl) decreased by 58%;
Hyperglycemia time (above 180 mg/dl) decreased by 11%; blood glucose control time (71-180 mg/dl) increased by 8%.
However, for children 6 years of age and younger, the daily insulin dose is generally less than 8 IU, and the MiniMed 670G is not safe. Medtronic is seeking to expand the range of people who can use the MiniMed670G to 7-13 year olds.
At present, artificial pancreas mainly has two types: open loop and closed loop. The open-loop artificial pancreas is relatively simple, mainly composed of an electronic computer system and an insulin injection pump. There is no blood glucose sensing system, so it cannot form a feedback loop.
The biggest difference between the closed-loop artificial pancreas and the open-loop type is that the blood glucose sensor is added, the blood glucose concentration can be continuously and automatically measured, and the measurement result is converted into an electrical pulse signal, which is then processed and calculated by an electronic computer system to adjust the time of the output of the syringe pump and Speed, and finally insulin is output by the insulin pump according to the "command".
Closed-loop artificial pancreas
Advantages of artificial pancreas: The biggest advantage of artificial pancreas is that it can optimally simulate the working process of islet β cells in human body, quickly control hyperglycemia, have better stability, and have less fluctuation of blood sugar.
It is embodied in the following aspects.
Significantly reduce patient suffering For diabetic patients, perennial subcutaneous injection of insulin can cause subcutaneous adipose tissue to shrink, forming orange peel-like depression and local skin sclerosis, leading to unstable insulin absorption.
In addition, each large dose of injection is likely to cause large fluctuations in insulin levels in the body. With the artificial pancreas, as long as the hose is partially buried under the skin, repeated irritation damage to the skin can be avoided.
The use of artificial pancreas is more convenient for some patients who have irregular life and work, and can control blood sugar better without being restricted by time and place.
The effect is more obvious that multiple injections of insulin daily, combined with the effects of eating or exercise, are prone to hypoglycemia and difficult to maintain stable blood sugar levels. The artificial pancreas distributes the basal insulin dose continuously for several hours, so that the insulin in the blood is kept at a stable level within 24 hours, which can effectively alleviate the phenomenon of alternating high and low blood sugar. A large number of studies at home and abroad have confirmed that compared with traditional intensive insulin therapy, artificial pancreas can reduce the daily total amount of insulin use, more effectively reduce blood sugar fluctuations and hypoglycemia events.
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