1, peeling green:
Stacking and peeling, this is a traditional peeling method. The harvested fruit is transported to the shade or indoors in a timely manner, stacked in heaps of 30 to 50 cm (thick and perishable), and then covered with sacks or about 10 cm of hay or leaves to keep the heap inside. A certain temperature and humidity promote after-ripening. The fruits harvested in proper period are generally stacked for 3 to 5 days. The green skin can be separated from the shell. At this time, peeling can be carried out with a wooden board or a spade. Stacking time should not be too long, otherwise the green skin becomes black and even rot, contaminating the nut shell and seed, reducing the nut quality and commodity value. The stacking can be removed in 3 to 5 days. Individual fruits that do not produce detachment are mostly fruits that are not fertilized and have no seed, and have no economic value.
The peeling of the medicinal agent shall be carried out by dipping the harvested green peel fruit with 3 to 5 g/l of ethephon solution for half a minute, removing and stacking the fruit and covering it according to the stacking method, or depositing along with the deposition and depositing at a thickness of about 50 cm. At a temperature of 30°C and a relative humidity of 80% to 90%, peeling occurs after 2 to 3 days and self-cracking occurs.
This method is effective for harvesting too early (7 to 10 days ahead of schedule), less mature, and harder to strip green. It not only shortens the time required for peeling, but also avoids long stacking time. Pollution. However, it is unfavorable to use ripe fruits with a high degree of maturity and a large amount of cracked green peels, because ethephon enters the cracked fruit between the peels and the nuts, causing contamination of the nut shells and seed kernels. In the process of applying ethephon, in order to increase the temperature and humidity, some hay can be covered on the fruit heap.
2. Rinse: The surface of the nuts after peeling off often has rotten skin, dirt and other contaminants. Wash it with clean water in time to keep the fruit surface clean. When washing, put the peeled nuts into the basket (not to fit too much at one time, about 1/2 of the basket capacity), place the basket in running water or a clear water tank, and stir it with a broom. When rinsing in the pool, it is necessary to replace the clean water in time, about 5 minutes for each wash, and the time for one wash should not be too long, so as to prevent dirty water from pouring into the shell to contaminate the seed kernels. Generally as the case can be washed 3 to 5 times. Especially the type of sutures that are not tight enough or exposed, can only be washed with water, otherwise it is easy to pollute the kernels. Under normal circumstances, the nuts should be spread out and dried immediately after washing with clean water.
3. Drying: After drying, the moisture content of nuts (shells and seed kernels) should be less than 8%. Above 8%, the seed kernels are easy to grow mold. Internal diaphragms are easily broken in production. Walnut drying methods are two kinds of sun and barbecue. Washed nuts can not be exposed to exposure immediately, otherwise the core shell will crack, affecting the quality of nuts. Should be spread on bamboo leaf or sorghum stalks for about half a day, until most of the water evaporates and then spread out on dry sheets or bamboo foil. The thickness of the nuts to be spread is generally not more than two layers. During the drying process, it should be turned frequently to achieve uniform drying and uniform color. Generally 5 to 7 days to dry.
In addition to natural drying, the rinsed nuts can be dried in a rainy autumn area and dried by using a dryer or a hot pot.
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