I. Hazard characteristics and conditions of occurrence
Golden worm is a collective term for larvae of the genus Polyporidae, and there are mainly three types of gold worms, including the genus Gully, Globodera, and Golden worm. It is a polyphagous subterranean pest that often harms young shoots of wheat, Corn, and other crops. And seedlings, can bite off the newly emerged seedlings, but also drilled into the roots of larger corn seedlings to eat damage, resulting in lack of seedlings broken ridge.
Golden worms complete 1 generation every 3 years, and winter and adult larvae of different ages. The larvae can bite off the newly emerged wheat seedlings, and can also feed into the roots of already grown up seedlings to ingest food and damage. The victim is not completely snapped and the fracture is not a complete agent. After the heading of wheat, the larvae of the larvae can drill into the internodes of the roots of the wheat and feed on the vascular tissue of the root section. The larvae are crumb-like, and the affected plants are dry and die. Adult magpies eat wheat seedlings on the edge of leaves or leaves of the middle leaves, leaves the opposite side of the leaf epidermis and fibrous veins, after the dried leaves were damaged, irregularly damaged and damaged, and like to suck the broken wheat sap flow out of the stems.
Second, the harm of golden needles is closely related to environmental conditions
1 Soil temperature The average soil temperature is 10-15 °C, the most active hazard, but also a key opportunity for prevention and control. When the soil temperature rises to 20 °C, it will move downwards, no longer harm, winter in the deep soil into the winter. Overwintering larvae are active in the early spring and are at risk of damage when the 10 cm soil temperature is 7-12°C, and they stop at 17°C. It is suitable for living at a relatively low temperature. The adult layer is shallow, the early spring recovery period is early, and the autumn is also relatively low temperature-tolerant. Therefore, the damage period is long within one year. The wheat suffers twice a year (post-Autumn seedling stage and early spring return to green stage), and after long-term starvation due to positive wintering larvae in early spring, the victim is seriously affected.
2 Soil Humidity The larvae prefer moist environment and are very light in drought soil. The slimmer-tailed, golden-tailed goldworm does not tolerate dry soil conditions, and its suitable soil moisture content is 20-25%.
3 The cultivation system is generally lighter in intensive farming areas. After wheat is harvested in time, it can aggravate the mechanical damage, destroy the earth chambers of the diverticula and adult afterwards, and turn some adults, larvae and pupa to the surface, causing them to suffer adverse weather effects and killing of natural enemies and increase mortality. In areas with extensive farming or intercropping areas and areas where there are many intercropping areas and wasteland and weeds, there are few opportunities for ploughing, and the breeding stages of the worms can complete life histories more safely. weight.
III. Analysis of the Causes of the Deterioration of Golden Turtle in Northern Henan Province in Recent Years
According to the law of the occurrence of golden needles, combined with the actual situation in northern Henan in recent years, found that the main reasons are the following aspects
1. During the period from the time of wheat sowing to before winter, the temperature is high, which is conducive to the underground activities of the golden worm.
2. In recent years, there has been less rainfall in October, and the soil moisture is conducive to its activities. At the same time, due to the influence of wintering climate, the temperature of the wheat is relatively high during the winter, and the soil temperature is conducive to the activity of the golden leafworm.
3. With the popularization and promotion of mechanization, the area of ​​straw returning to the county is increasing. The returning of straw to the soil has certain benefits for improving the soil structure and improving the soil fertility, but it also provides a good habitat for the underground pests, especially those that cannot be intensively cultivated.
4. The soil treatment area is small.
5. The majority of peasant friends lack sufficient knowledge and understanding of the occurrence conditions of golden spears and did not take effective measures to prevent and control them from the source.
Fourth, prevention and control measures
The long-term larvae of Golden worms inhabit the soil and it is difficult to control them. Based on the occurrence regularity and field management characteristics of the golden spearworm, based on agricultural control, chemical prevention and control as the main means to adopt adult control and larva control and combination, sowing prevention and control combined with growth phase, artificial trapping and pesticide pest control combination. Can have the effect of treating both symptoms and problems.
1, agricultural technology measures.
(1) Fine soil preparation, rough farming, killing and killing of insects; places where conditions permit can also be used for rotation or dry crop rotation.
(2) watering can reduce the damage of golden needleworm. When the soil moisture reaches 35-40%, the golden spears stop harming and dive to a depth of 15-30 cm. In early spring, after the jointing of wheat, the temperature rose, and the activity of the golden needles began to harm the base section of the wheat. At this time, it also coincided with the growth and demand period of wheat. Therefore, timely watering can play a role in preventing pests and promoting high yield in wheat. .
2, chemical control.
(1) Chemical seed dressing. The use of the current high-efficient pollution-free seed dressing agent Fung Chia or Nongjiao three-in-one or fipronil seed dressing to reduce hazards.
(2) Toxic soil and poisonous bait. At dusk, withdraw in the field of wheat, killing them by using the habit of underground pests to lurk.
(3) Irrigation. For the emergence of dead seeds caused by early damage of golden needles in early winter wheat, it is necessary to carry out rooting early to prevent the spread of insect pests. For areas with insect pests, the area for irrigation should be appropriately increased to improve the control effect.
3, light trapping.
By using adult phototaxis of adult worms, blacklights are trapped to kill adult worms in the field during adulthood, reducing the number of eggs in the field.
It is worth noting that for wheat fields that have not been treated with drugs before the winter, they must pay close attention to insect pests during the return period, because there is still a peak period of insect pests in the middle and late March. Once pests occur, they must immediately take measures to use the drugs as soon as possible. Control to minimize losses. After 2 to 3 years, larvae of adult worms can hatch into adult worms, and they spend more time in underground activities. Therefore, they must overcome their lax thinking. For sites that are in danger, they should be immediately irrigated and strictly controlled.
Freeze Dried Vegetables,Frozen Dried Carrot,Frozen Dried Fd Carrot Dice,Dehydrated Apple,freeze-dried corn
Jiangsu Tiankang Food Co., Ltd. , https://www.tiankangfood.com