Taian County, Anshan City, Liaoning Province, introduced ginger cultivation in 2005, with an average output of 1,750 kg/mu, an output value of 10,500 yuan/mu, and a net income of 4,500 yuan/mu. After several years of planting, the Tainan County Agricultural Broadcasting School summarized varieties suitable for cultivation in the area and high-yielding cultivation techniques.
First, choose a good seed, early sowing
The large-grow ginger cultivar with high yield and strong stress resistance cultivated by the Changyi Ginger Research Institute of Weifang City was selected as the planting cultivar of double-row ginger and Jinchang ginger. Ginger growth period of about 140 days, sowing in early May, using a small plastic shed cultivation.
Second, select ginger, nurture buds
Choose ginger plump, bright skin, fresh meat, no shrinkage does not rot, not frozen, hard texture, pest-free healthy ginger block for planting.
Ginger
Sowing ginger for 2~3 days before and after Qingming 20-30 days before sowing can increase the temperature of ginger, promote the decomposition of nutrients, accelerate the germination speed, reduce the moisture of ginger and prevent the decay of ginger block.
2. Sleepy ginger
The ginger is piled in the room for 1 to 2 days after drying and promotes decomposition of nutrients to promote germination.
3. Germination
Germination suitable temperature 22 ~ 25 °C, 15 ~ 20 days germination end. There are two ways: (1) fire budding method. First, the sorghum surface is covered with a straw wall and insulated with a quilt. The height of the ginger is 80 cm. The upper layer covers the quilt. The maximum temperature of the fire sorghum is not more than 27°C. (2) The electrothermal germination method: deepening the hotbed 60 Around a centimeter, lay a layer of straw and cover a layer of plastic film as a heat preservation layer, spread 5 to 6 centimeters of fine sand on it, so that the ground heating wire is buried, ginger is discharged into the sand where the ground hotline has been laid, and ginger is placed 25 About centimeters, cover straw 15 centimeters above and use plastic to protect against rain.
Third, apply the base fertilizer, fine sowing
Apply base fertilizer
Ginger's root system is underdeveloped and has a shallow distribution in the soil. It requires strict fertilizer and water requirements. Therefore, ginger should be selected in plots with high organic matter content and favorable fertilizer and water conditions. Generally, 5000 kg of high-quality farmyard fertilizer is applied per acre, and the combination of applicator and ditch is applied. When sowing, besides applying fertilizers to farmer's manure, 35 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 5 kg of boron fertilizer are applied per mu.
2. Seeding
About 500 kilograms of ginger are planted per acre. Ginger is soaked with 250-400 mg/l ethephon for 15 minutes before sowing, then sowing, spacing 60 cm, plant spacing 16-18 cm, 6000 seedlings per acre, covering thickness 3~ 4 cm, promptly insert the cover arch.
Fourth, scientific management, timely harvest
1. Dressing
Fertilizer is applied in stages on the basis of applying basal fertilizer. The first time the fertilizer is applied at the seedling stage, the processing method of Sichuan mustard is when the ginger seedling grows to 1 or 2 small branches at 30 centimeters or so, followed by applying 20 kg of ammonium sulfate. mu. The second time before and after the beginning of autumn, it is a crucial period for the branching of ginger and rhizome enlargement, which can be appropriately re-applied. Topdressing compound fertilizer is 40 kg/mu and potassium sulfate is 10 kg/mu.
2. Watering
In the process of growing ginger, it is required that the soil is always moist, and the relative humidity of the soil is about 75%. Generally, the water is poured 8 to 10 days depending on the weather conditions.
3. Cultivated soil
During the growth of ginger, many times of cultivating weeds and soil cultivation. In the early stage, every 10 to 15 days (after rain or irrigation), shallow hoeing is performed. When the plant height is 40 to 50 centimeters, the soil begins to grow into high ridges to prevent exposure of new ginger.
4. Pest control
Ginger diseases mainly include ginger aphid (rot disease), spot disease, and anthrax, and it can be used to irrigate ginger aphid with agricultural streptomycin and thiophanate-methyl 1500 times, or with 50% acerate copper (day T). Wet powder 300 times even spray 2 ~ 3 times. Control of spot disease and anthrax can be used 75% chlorothalonil or 70% thiophanate 1000 times alternating spray 2 or 3 times. Insect pests are mainly ginger borer (corn borer), which can be sprayed with 1000-fold of 50% phoxim EC at the beginning of July (first generation) and early August (second generation) of the ginger larvae.
5. Harvest in time
Before the beginning of the frost, most of the stems and leaves of the plant began to turn brown, and the underground rhizomes were harvested when fully matured. The water was poured 1 to 3 days before the harvest, so that the ginger can be moistened with moisture when harvested. Cellar storage.
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