Flat raising means the chicken moves on a flat surface. Flat raising can be further divided into free-range farming, online flat raising and mixed ground feeding. The raising density of flat-raised chicken houses is small, the construction area is large, and the investment is relatively high. At present, China's general broilers use this rearing method.
Land-based free-range farming, also known as thick litter ground leveling. Placing thick litter directly on the ground or on the concrete floor, chickens live on top of the litter, and broilers are more likely to use this form.
Advantages: Simple equipment requirements and low investment.
Disadvantages: Small stocking density, chickens exposed to feces, is not conducive to disease prevention and control.
Raising from the ground on the Internet and raising the ground on the Internet is a common way for chickens to leave the ground and move on mesh made of metal or other materials. The net (grid) is covered with a slatted floor of a type of plastic mesh, metal mesh, or plastic mesh. The floor is generally about 1.2 meters above the ground (in order to facilitate the capture of chicken droppings).
Advantages: chickens live on slats, feces fall under the net, chickens do not directly contact with feces, which is conducive to the control of disease; breeding density is the largest, 4.8 chickens per square meter can be raised.
Disadvantages: Relatively high investment, it is relatively inconvenient to draw chicken dung.
Mixed ground breeding is divided into two parts: the ground and the net. The ground part is cushioned and the online part is a slatted scaffold structure. The ratio of the surface of the slatted shelving structure to the floor of the bedding is usually 6:4 or 2:1, and the layout of the shelving mainly uses “two highs and one low†or “two lows and one highâ€. “Two highs and one low†are the most commonly used broiler rearing methods at home and abroad. The foreign egg breeder also adopts this feeding method. That is, laying slats along the wall, half of the slats laying on the front wall, and the other half relying on Laying behind the wall. The laying box is at the outer edge of the plank and is oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the house. One end is placed on the edge of the slat, and the other end is suspended above the floor of the bedding so as to facilitate the chickens entering and exiting the nest box and also reduce the floor space.
Advantages: The chicken's egg production and the fertilization rate of the eggs are higher than the whole slat-type feeding method.
Disadvantages: The stocking density is slightly lower, and only 4.3 broiler breeders can be kept per square meter.
In cage farming, chickens are housed in wire-welded cages. According to chicken species, sex and age, different types of chicken cages are designed, including chick cages, broiler cages, layer cages, breeder cages and rooster cages.
The main advantages of cage culture (1) Raising the stocking density. Stereo cage density is more than 3 times higher than flattening density, layer chickens can raise more than 17 per square meter. (2) Save on feed. Chickens are kept in cages, which reduce the amount of exercise, consume less energy, and reduce waste. Artificial insemination can reduce the proportion of cock feeding. (3) The chicken does not come into contact with faeces, which is beneficial to the epidemic prevention of chickens. (4) Eggs are relatively clean, eliminating eggs outside the nest. (5) There is no litter problem.
The disadvantages of caged chickens (1) decreased egg production compared to flat raising. (2) The relative increase in investment. (3) The proportion of blood-spotted eggs is high, the quality of eggs is slightly poor, and the qualified rate of eggs is low. (4) Cage-producing chickens are prone to sudden death syndrome, affecting chicken survival and laying performance. (5) The appearance of chickens that were eliminated was poor, the bones were brittle, and the sale price was low.
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