The white peony is a large variety of medicinal materials, and it is a plant of Ranunculaceae. It is bitter, sour, slightly cold, enters the liver, nourishes the blood, accumulates yin, softens liver, relieves pain, and calms the liver. It is used for irregular menstruation, abdominal pain, and uterine bleeding. As well as spontaneous sweating and night sweats, the annual demand is about 10,000 tons.
First, choose the site to choose a well-drained, deep, fertile loam or sandy loam soil. Former crops are better crops such as corn, wheat, beans, and sweet potatoes. Before planting requires intensive cultivation, farming depth 25-30 cm, ploughing 1-2 times, combined with ploughing per acre applied to compost or compost 2500-4000 kg for basal fertilizer, Fuping, made of 1.3 meters high sorghum. For sites with excessive rainfall and poor drainage, the width of the radon can be about 1 meter, and the width of the ravine is 40 centimeters wide and 20 centimeters deep. The existing young trees, orchards, barren hills, sloping fields, field heads, and roadsides in sandy loam can be cultivated. In particular, open spaces on both sides of the road and large-scale tourist attractions, villages, farms, etc. It is colorful, aromatic, and charming. It not only plays a role in beautifying the environment, but also gains considerable economic benefits. It really serves two purposes.
Second, planting technology
1. Screening varieties: In recent years, the medicine and peasants in the main producing area of ​​Heze in Shandong Province have selected two series of strains based on their growth characteristics and uses. (1) Medicinal varieties have high yields and good quality. The main varieties include the "national flag unparalleled," "five-fold," and "sunflower red", etc.; (2) ornamental varieties, large flowers, full color, and long flowering time. The main varieties are "big rich", "Hong Yan Zhengguang", "Mileen" and other varieties.
2. Seed bud treatment: The white pods are generally selected as the propagation material, and the buds of the peony are cut into pieces along with their natural growth shape. Each bud has 2-3 pieces, and the thickness of the bud is more than 2 cm. The buds are best. With the cut and planted, if it cannot be planted in time, it should be temporarily stored. Choose a cool, dry and ventilated place, spread wet sand on the floor, piling up the buds, and then cover the moist sand. Or dig storage, pay attention to drainage when it rains, so as not to be rotten.
3. Cultivation time: The most suitable planting time in North China is from September to October. The areas in the south and higher temperatures can be planted before freezing. The late buds have already developed new roots. They are easy to break when planting and affect the growth in the coming year. .
4, planting methods: First, the size of the white pod buds separated, respectively planted, in order to emerge neat and easy to manage. Field cultivation, row spacing 5030 cm, 4000-4500 plants per acre. Tourism viewing is mainly cultivated, and the cultivation methods can be flexibly selected according to the specific layout of the attractions. Hole planting, buds each head 1-2, 4-5 cm deep planting is appropriate, cover the soil and apply manure, soil piled into a bread-like shape, in order to facilitate the winter. Before and after the beginning of March of the following year, the taro-shaped mound was opened before the buds sprouted.
Third, field management
1, cultivator loose soil: after the emergence of the annual cultivator weeding 2-3 times, cultivator should be shallow, so as not to kill the root dead seedlings. In late October, before freezing, cut branches and leaves 7-10 cm from the ground and cultivate the soil in the roots to facilitate wintering. In Heze, cultivated white peony roots are commonly used in the “Bright Roots and Roots†method, that is, in the first two months after planting, the soil around the alfalfa plant is gently poked and the roots are slightly exposed, and the roots are exposed for 5-7 days. The root can increase the temperature of the ground and sterilize the insects to increase the yield, but the drying time should not be too long.
2. Fertilizer flushing and irrigation: 3 times per year from the 2nd year, the first time in late March - early April, light human urine, the second time in late April, 500 kilos of human urine per acre, the third time 10 From November to November, the main fertilizer was circa 1500-200 kilograms per mu. The third year of March in the end of each acre 750 kilograms of manure, 50 kg of cooked cake fat, 25 kg of superphosphate; in late April, 1,000 kilograms of human urine per acre; apply 1500-2000 kilograms of barley in November. The first four years before harvest, dressing 2 times, in late March, 1,000 kilos per acre of human urine, plus 10 kg of ammonium sulfate, 25 kg of superphosphate; in late April, in addition to phosphate fertilizer, according to the amount of fertilizer applied again 1 time. Each time fertilization, it is appropriate to open the hole on both sides of the plant. The peony herb is drought-fighting and generally does not need to be irrigated. When the drought is severe, the water should be irrigated once in the evening. During the rainy season, drain water in time to reduce root diseases.
Fourth, harvesting and processing
1. Harvest time: White leeks are harvested 3-4 years after planting. Harvest season, Zhejiang in late June to early July, Anhui, Sichuan and other places in August, Shandong in September. Late starch conversion in the roots, dry after the quality is not solid, light foam texture. Choose sunny days, cut stems and leaves, dig out the whole roots. In addition to leaving the buds as a seed, cut the roots and process the medicinal herbs.
2. Processing method: Separate the roots according to the big and small, and bubbling in the boiling water for 5-15 minutes. When the hot iron is turned, wait until the root of the root is white, and there is no heart. When there is aroma, quickly pick up the cold water. Soak, then remove and scrape the skin, cut both ends, according to the thickness of the sun dried. Can also be scraped off after the skin and cook, dried. Sunburn is an important part of processing, if the tan is too fierce, the dry outer surface of the wet and dry, easy to mold deterioration, the general morning sun, dried at noon for 3 hours, after 3 pm after the sun, at night into the heap and use Covered with sacks or straw mats, the moisture inside the roots of the loquats is exuded and the sun shines again the next day. This is repeated until it is dry inside and outside, and it is sold as a commodity. Now, there are many pharmaceutical factories and extracting companies that require no need for scraping the skin, directly dried after harvesting, and have a large number of home purchases.
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