Winter storage of fruit tree seedlings is a common practice in horticulture, especially during the colder months. As winter approaches, most seedlings enter a dormant state, but some are not cold-tolerant. During the growing season, if seedlings receive sufficient water and nutrients, the upper parts of their branches may not fully lignify. If these seedlings are left in the field without proper drying, they can suffer from "pumping strokes," which can lead to damage or even death. Additionally, some seedlings are prepared for planting by being arranged on plots. To prevent losses due to harsh winter conditions, winter storage techniques are essential. Here's an overview of the method:
1. The best time to start winter storage is when the seedlings have completely shed their leaves and before the ground freezes. If done too early, the seedlings may not have entered dormancy yet, while waiting too long risks freezing or damaging the plants.
2. Begin preparing the seedlings 7 to 10 days before planting. In clay soils, this can be done earlier, while sandy soils may require a few extra days. Water the nursery thoroughly, and then lift the seedlings when the soil is at the right moisture level—neither too wet nor too dry. This ensures that the roots remain intact, making it easier for the seedlings to survive after planting. It also saves time and labor.
3. Choose a sheltered, sunny spot that is well-drained and free from standing water. Dig a trench running north to south. The width of the trench should be about 2.5 meters, and its length depends on the number of seedlings. The depth should be around three-quarters of the seedling height. For example, if the seedling is 1 meter tall, the trench should be 75 cm deep.
4. Plant the seedlings on the same day—do not keep them out for more than a day, as they can dry out. Place the seedlings at a 30 to 40-degree angle in the trench, spacing them closely but not overlapping. Bundle them together and cover with moist sand or fine soil. The sand should be slightly damp—when squeezed, it should hold together but not fall apart. Cover the first layer, then repeat the process for the second and third layers. After planting, fill any exposed areas with a thin layer of soil. Avoid burying the seedlings too deeply. Finally, cover the top with corn stalks to provide insulation. In spring, simply dig up the seedlings and plant them as usual.
This method helps protect young fruit trees from extreme cold and increases their chances of survival when planted later. By following these steps carefully, growers can ensure healthy and vigorous seedlings come spring.
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