Oyster mushroom cultivation can typically yield 800–1000 kg per mu, with some cases reaching up to 1,000 kg of mushrooms. To begin, select a suitable plot that receives adequate sunlight, has good water drainage, and maintains proper soil moisture. The area should be ideal for growing oyster mushrooms and also suitable for raising fish. Dig trenches along the inner edge of the field ridges, making them 0.6 meters wide and 1 meter deep. Use the excavated soil to raise the height of the ridge, ensuring both the width and height are approximately 0.8 meters. For larger fields, the ditches should be shaped like a "back" character, while smaller plots should have a "Tian" shape.
Next, after the rice harvest, the field is prepared for fish farming. Place 500–1200 carp, each over 10 cm in length, per acre. Species such as grass carp, silver carp, and common carp can be stocked in appropriate proportions. Before introducing the fish, soak them in a 3% saline solution for 3–5 minutes to prevent disease.
For management, first, apply fertilizers. Before planting the mushroom seedlings, spread 250 kg of manure per acre as a base fertilizer. Of this, 150 kg is evenly distributed into the ditches, and the remaining 100 kg is placed directly in the mushroom-growing area. In the later stages of mushroom cultivation, usually around mid-September, apply about 200 kg of chicken manure per acre and pile it around the corners of the field. This provides additional food for the fish and helps maintain their growth.
Feeding should follow the principles of fixed timing, quantity, location, and quality. Ensure that the feed contains more than 25% protein. The feeding amount should vary depending on weather conditions, water quality, and the fish's eating habits. Two days after stocking the fish, feed them twice daily, with the daily amount being 10–12% of their body weight. During the summer, when fish grow rapidly, increase the feeding to 20–30% of their body weight. Always place the bait on a feeding table and remove any leftover bait to keep the water clean and healthy.
Disease prevention is also important. Fish can help control over 50% of the pests that affect mushrooms, significantly reducing the occurrence of insect pests. If mushroom diseases become severe, use broad-spectrum, low-toxicity, and low-residue pesticides for treatment. Field management should follow standard practices similar to traditional methods. This integrated system not only improves mushroom yields but also enhances fish production, creating a sustainable and profitable agricultural model.
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