"Xi Ximei pomelo is an early-fruiting variety of pomegranate, which can be harvested earlier than the peak season of Shatian pomelo. It hits the market just before and after the Mid-Autumn Festival, offering a sweet, crisp, and juicy flavor that is highly favored by consumers. This variety not only brings higher economic returns but also holds great potential for promotion. The following are some key experiences in its cultivation:
1. **Selection of Improved Varieties and High-Quality Planting**
Choosing high-quality and disease-resistant varieties is essential for achieving both high yield and superior quality. The scion should be pure, with early flowering and high productivity, while the rootstock must have strong resistance and compatibility. Seedlings should be free from pests and diseases to ensure rapid growth after planting. These trees typically begin bearing fruit within 10 to 50 years.
The quality of planting directly affects the post-planting performance and the time of first fruiting. To improve planting quality, orchards should be planned uniformly, planted in contiguous blocks, and spaced appropriately—3–4 meters apart, with each hole measuring 1 cubic meter. About 45–60 seedlings per acre are recommended. Before planting, each hole should be filled with 1 ton of high-quality soil mixed with 1 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 0.5 kg of lime. After covering with topsoil, the seedlings are carefully placed to avoid root damage, and then watered and covered with grass to provide shade and moisture, promoting healthy growth. At the same time, proper drainage systems, reservoirs, and roads should be built to facilitate mechanized farming and long-term productivity.
2. **Strengthening Management and Cultivating Healthy Tree Canopies**
In the first three years, regular watering and fertilization are crucial. Apply 75 kg of urea or 20 kg of specialized fruit tree fertilizer per mu monthly to promote canopy development and early fruiting. Autumn shoots should be managed before September to encourage maturation and prevent frost damage. Spraying 0.5%–1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1–2 times can enhance their nutritional level.
New shoots are vulnerable to pests like swallowtail butterflies and leaf miners, which can damage leaves and reduce photosynthesis. To control these, use 17% water amifos diluted 800–1000 times, or Wanlingshui at 1000 times, applied every 5 days for 3 consecutive times. Combining this with anti-ulcer treatments using copper-based fungicides and crown bacteria can further protect the trees.
Pruning and shaping are also important during this stage. Proper branch pulling, tip pinching, and timely shaping help form a well-structured, high-yield tree frame with good light penetration and air circulation.
3. **Deep Fertilization and Winter Care**
During autumn and winter, deep plowing and soil improvement are essential. Dig holes 60 cm wide and 50 cm deep, and fill them with layers of organic material such as weeds, manure, and bean bran. For young trees, apply 75–100 kg of weeds, 2–3% pig manure, and 25–50 kg of bean bran per tree. For mature trees, increase the quantities accordingly. After filling, spray lime sulfur 2–3 times to disinfect the area and remove diseased branches and fallen leaves.
4. **Scientific Fruit Management for High Yield and Quality**
Proper fruit thinning and pruning are vital. When buds appear, trim them to zero to promote healthy growth. Remove crowded, weak, or excessive shoots to maintain balance. When new shoots reach about 8 leaves or 15 cm, pinch the tips and spray urea foliar fertilizer to encourage maturity.
Fruit thinning should be done promptly after flowering, removing deformed, weak, or poorly developed fruits. Leave 2–3 standard flowers per inflorescence, ensuring even distribution and strong growth. Harvesting should start before the Mid-Autumn Festival, avoiding premature or overly late picking, which can affect fruit quality and tree health.
5. **Comprehensive Pest and Disease Control**
Pests and diseases significantly impact yield and quality. During the fruit enlargement period, focus on controlling rust mites, scale insects, and bacterial infections. Regular weeding, loosening the soil, and applying green manure during summer can improve the orchard's microclimate. In July and August, ensure adequate moisture to resist drought. By implementing agricultural practices such as uniform shoot placement and early pruning, pest damage can be minimized, and disease incidence reduced.
Overall, through careful selection, proper planting, effective management, and comprehensive care, Xi Ximei pomelo can achieve excellent results in both yield and quality, making it a promising choice for farmers."
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