The eight methods of raising and managing hatchlings

The hatchling is the young turtle that has just emerged from its egg. Upon hatching, juvenile tortoises typically weigh between 3 to 13 grams. Their bodies are still fragile, their movements are weak, and they are not yet fully adapted to the outside environment. Without proper care, they can easily die. Therefore, managing the early stages of a hatchlingâ€™s life is one of the most critical aspects of raising turtles. Below are eight essential steps for successfully raising hatchlings. **Collecting the Hatchlings** Once the hatchling emerges from the shell, it should not be immediately removed. Allow it to crawl on sand for 1 to 3 hours so it can dry out and strengthen. Then place it in a container such as a tub or plastic basin for 2 to 3 days, allowing the umbilical cord to dry and close properly. The yolk sac must be fully absorbed, and the umbilicus should be closed. A healthy hatchling should weigh more than 4 grams, show active movement, appear healthy, and have no signs of injury or disease. **Disinfection** Before placing the hatchlings into the pool, soak them in a solution of 500-800 mg/L vitamin C for 10 minutes. This helps improve survival rates and promotes better growth. **Setting Up the Pool** A suitable pool for juveniles should be an indoor cement tank ranging from 4 to 10 square meters with a water depth of 10 to 20 cm. A feeding area should be placed 2 cm underwater, and there should be a sunny spot for resting and basking. The bottom of the pool should be covered with 5 to 10 cm of fine sand, and the feed should be kept away from the sand to maintain clean water. **Stocking Density** Maintaining a reasonable density is crucial for survival and growth. Aim for around 100 hatchlings per square meter to avoid overcrowding. **Feeding** Hatchlings rely on the yolk sac for initial nutrition. After hatching, feed them small amounts of cooked egg yolk starting on day 3. By day 5, introduce soft foods like fish, shrimp, snails, clams, and animal organs. A balanced diet of 2 parts animal-based food to 1 part plant-based food is ideal. Feed them twice dailyâ€”once in the morning (8-9 AM) and once in the late afternoon (5-6 PM). Ensure all food is consumed within 2 hours, and the amount should be 5-10% of their total body weight. **Water Quality Management** Use clean, non-polluted water sources such as rivers, lakes, or reservoirs. Maintain a yellow-green color with a transparency of 25-30 cm and a pH level between 7 and 8. Remove any leftover food from the bottom daily and change the water every two days. Clean and disinfect the tank during each water change. **Water Temperature Control** Keep the water temperature between 25-30Â°C. During hot weather, take precautions to prevent overheating. When changing water, ensure the temperature difference between new and old water does not exceed 2-3Â°C, as sudden changes can cause illness. **Environment** Turtles prefer a calm, warm, and quiet environment. Avoid areas with strong winds, cold temperatures, or excessive noise. The surrounding area of the hatchling pool should be sheltered, sunny, and free from pollution. **Predator Protection** During the early stages, protect hatchlings from predators such as snakes, rats, birds, and cats. Secure the enclosure and monitor regularly to ensure their safety.

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