Cultivating edible fungi is a crucial step in the entire growth process. To create an optimal culture medium, using the right fermentation aid can significantly improve the quality and yield of your fungi. Here's how to prepare it properly.
**Preparation:** Start by mixing 0.1% of the fermentation aid with your main substrate (if reusing waste material, you can increase this to 0.2%). This helps enhance microbial activity. Next, soak or pre-wet your main ingredients—such as straw, sawdust, or other organic materials—and adjust the moisture level to around 60-70%. The pH should be slightly alkaline, around 8.
**Mixing:** Dilute the fermentation aid with fresh rice bran (or old rice bran if necessary). For every 1 kg of fermentation aid, use about 5 kg of rice bran. Then mix it thoroughly with other additives like bran, cake meal, and manure. Once everything is well blended, combine it evenly with your main substrate.
**Stacking:** Follow standard methods to pile up the raw materials. Create ventilation holes in the center of the pile using a pointed tool with a diameter of about 10 cm. Cover the pile with breathable materials like sacks or straw curtains to maintain warmth and moisture.
**Turning:** When the internal temperature reaches approximately 65°C, turn the pile for the first time. Repeat this process every 3-4 days. For Agaricus bisporus, the turning interval may be slightly longer.
**Temperature Control:** In the early stages of fermentation, the temperature may rise quickly to 70-75°C. If this happens, turn the pile immediately. Prolonged exposure to temperatures above 75°C can destroy nutrients and reduce yield. Later on, adjust the temperature based on the specific needs of the fungi. You can remove the cover, add more holes, water the pile, lower its height, or turn it again to keep the temperature within a safe range.
**Moisture Management:** As the pile heats up, moisture evaporates. Monitor the humidity closely and add water as needed—preferably with a 0.5% lime solution. Make sure to do this while turning the pile, and avoid adding too much water during sowing to prevent "raw water" issues that could harm the fungal strain.
**Completion:** For oyster mushrooms and straw mushrooms, the fermentation process usually takes 5-6 days. For Agaricus bisporus, it may take 10-15 days. The finished substrate should have a moisture content of around 65%, appear brown in color, and be covered with white mycelium. It should not smell of ammonia, feel sticky, or be too hard. If the straw pulls easily, the fermentation is complete. For more details, visit our website or contact us directly.
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