Wei Yange, a local farmer from Nianzigou Village in Dachengzi Town, started cultivating sweet peppers in a 50-meter-long greenhouse back in 2002. By employing new seed varieties, advanced agricultural techniques, and innovative cultivation methods, he achieved impressive economic returns. His yield reached up to 5,500 kilograms per 667 square meters, with an income of nearly 10,000 yuan. Below are the key cultivation and management practices he followed:
First, selecting high-quality seeds was crucial. He used seedlings of the "Luodan" sweet pepper variety introduced from Hazela High Quality Seed Company in Israel. This variety is known for its strong growth, resistance to tobacco mosaic virus, and ability to thrive under low temperatures. It sets fruit easily, even in winter greenhouses, solving common issues like weak growth and low fruit set. The fruits are rectangular, with 3–4 chambers, measuring around 15 cm in height and 9 cm in width. Each fruit weighs about 200 grams, with some reaching up to 800 grams. The thick flesh, smooth skin, and bright color make them highly marketable.
Second, proper land preparation and fertilization were essential. Before planting, the soil was tilled to a depth of 40 cm. A total of 10,000 kg of well-rotted farmyard manure was applied, along with 50 kg of urea, 30 kg of potassium nitrate, 20 kg of ammonium sulfate, and 50 kg of superphosphate per 667 square meters. All materials were thoroughly mixed. To disinfect the soil, a solution containing 500g of carbendazim and 500g of phoxim was sprayed over the surface. Afterward, the land was shaped into raised beds, 100 cm wide and 20 cm high, with 50 cm wide paths between them. Micro-sprinkler systems were installed, and the area was covered with plastic film, secured with soil on both sides for planting.
Third, field management after planting played a vital role. The transplanting process began on August 15, with the best time being in the afternoon. The seedlings were planted at the same level as the growing medium, avoiding deep planting to prevent soil-borne diseases. A double-row planting method was used, with 60 cm spacing between small rows, 45 cm between plants, and 90 cm between large rows, resulting in 1,800–2,000 plants per 667 square meters.
Temperature control was carefully managed. Daytime temperatures were kept between 26–28°C, while nighttime temperatures ranged from 15–20°C. Air humidity was maintained at 60–70%. As October approached, the temperature was increased by raising the curtains to protect against cold. The greenhouse film was regularly cleaned to improve light transmission. If the temperature became too high, ventilation was done through the top vents, not the bottom ones. During severe winters, a deep-groove method was used to enhance soil warming and root development.
Fertilizer and irrigation were also important. After the seedlings had acclimated, chlorothalonil and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solutions were sprayed every 7–10 days. Fertilizers were applied based on the initial base fertilizer, starting from the fruit enlargement stage. Water was provided every 1–10 days, with 5 kg of nitrogen, 3 kg of phosphorus, and 9 kg of potassium per 667 square meters. If humidity was too high, two air exchanges per day helped maintain optimal conditions.
Plant adjustment was another key step. Since this variety is an indeterminate type, bamboo supports were used to manage the growth. Pruning was done to remove axillary buds after the first branching and to eliminate diseased or yellow leaves in the lower parts of the plant. This improved air circulation and light penetration, reducing the risk of lodging and balancing growth between branches.
Finally, early harvesting was recommended to avoid affecting plant growth and yield. Fruits were harvested once they reached full size, showed rich color, and had a shiny surface. Harvesting was done using scissors to avoid damaging the branches. Market demand and price fluctuations were also considered when deciding the timing of harvest.
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