Due to the high metabolic rate of carp during transportation and their delicate nature, the stocking density is generally lower compared to other fish species. This requires careful planning and handling to ensure their survival and quality upon arrival.
1. Transportation Methods
(1) Traditional Transport Using Fishing Rods and Canvas Buckets: This method is typically used for short-distance transport. When transporting summer fish, it's recommended to keep 10-15 fish per kilogram of water, depending on the temperature. For larger fish (30-50 grams per fish), the number can be reduced to 5-10 per kilogram of water. It’s important to maintain continuous water movement to prevent stress. If the car stops, people should avoid shaking the water. If the fish show signs of unusual activity, fresh water should be added or replaced promptly to maintain good water quality.
(2) Oxygenated Plastic Bags: This method is ideal for long-distance transport. At a water temperature of 20-25°C, up to 300 carp can be transported in plastic bags for 18-20 hours. The key is to ensure proper oxygenation and manage the internal pressure within the bag to prevent bursting.
2. Important Considerations During Transport
(1) Selecting High-Quality Seedlings: The health and size of the fish directly impact their survival during transport. Weak or thin fish are more sensitive to poor water conditions, high temperatures, and low oxygen levels. Therefore, only healthy, active, and uniform-sized fish should be selected for transport.
(2) Pre-Transport Netting Exercise: Fish should be acclimated by performing netting exercises 1-2 days before transport. This helps reduce mucus production and fecal excretion during transit, which in turn helps maintain better water quality.
(3) Adjusting Water Temperature: Summer fish are often transported in warmer conditions. To improve survival rates, ice can be used to lower the temperature, but it should not drop below 20°C. A stable and moderate temperature is essential to avoid shock and stress.
(4) Controlling Water Quality and Quantity: When using traditional methods like buckets, water quality must be closely monitored. If the fish start floating at the surface, new water should be added immediately. However, the amount of water changed should not exceed two-thirds of the original volume. When replacing water, do so gently and ensure the temperature difference does not exceed 5°C. Also, any dead fish in the container should be removed quickly to prevent contamination. For plastic bag transport, the water should be clean, non-toxic, and rich in dissolved oxygen. The water volume inside the bag should be between 2/5 and 1/2 of the total capacity.
(5) Ensuring Sufficient Oxygen Supply: In plastic bags, oxygenation should be adequate but not excessive. The bag should feel firm and elastic, with oxygen levels around 60-70% of the ground level. This prevents overpressure that could cause the bag to burst.
Second, Transporting Adult Fish
For adult fish, live fish carts are commonly used in bulk transport. These vehicles are equipped with oxygenation systems, waste removal, and water exchange capabilities, making them efficient for large-scale transport. The typical ratio of carp to water is 1:3–4. For small quantities or long-distance transport, rubber bags with oxygenation are often used. The water in the bag should occupy about one-third of the total volume, and the fish should make up no more than one-quarter of the water volume. This ensures a safe and comfortable environment for the fish during transit.
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