High-Yield Licorice Cultivation Technology
1. Soil Selection: Choose deep, well-drained soil with a sandy or loamy texture, rich in calcium. Areas with a pH between 7 and 8.5, such as wastelands or barren slopes, are ideal for licorice cultivation. Avoid low-lying or heavy clay soils that tend to retain water, as they can lead to root rot and poor growth.
2. Variety Selection: Select a newly developed "Licorice Root" variety suitable for artificial cultivation. This variety offers strong adaptability, thriving in drought, cold, saline, and alkaline conditions, and can tolerate extreme temperatures ranging from -45°C to 43°C. It is ideal for areas with limited water supply. The plant adapts well to weakly alkaline calcareous soils and is compatible with young fruit crops. Its short growth cycle allows seedlings to be transplanted after 3–4 months, with roots reaching 35–40 cm in length. It grows rapidly due to its lateral growth pattern, absorbing nutrients efficiently. Within 30 days of sowing, it develops 3–4 true leaves; by 60 days, the plant reaches 30 cm in height, with roots up to 20 cm long and 0.5 cm in diameter. The harvesting and processing process is simple, allowing for machine operation and reducing labor costs. About 80% of the product can be dried naturally before sale. The yield is high, with over 500 kg per mu (667 square meters), and the quality meets national pharmacopoeia standards, making it suitable for GAP production bases.
3. Sowing and Seedling Raising: Select a flat, well-watered area for the nursery. One mu (667 square meters) can be divided into plots of 67 square meters for seedling cultivation. Plant one kilogram of seeds per plot. When the temperature stabilizes above 18°C, seedlings can be raised throughout the year. After plowing and fertilizing the selected land, make shallow furrows spaced 25 cm apart and 2 cm deep. Sow seeds evenly, cover with 1 cm of soil, press gently, and keep moist for 5–7 days. After 3–4 months, the roots will reach 35–40 cm, ready for transplanting.
4. Cultivation Techniques: Apply 2000 kg of organic fertilizer, 50 kg of superphosphate, 20 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu. Plow the land evenly to a depth of 25–30 cm. In the furrows, cut the stems above the seedling heads, remove lateral roots, and place the roots 10 cm apart. Fill the furrows, compact the soil, and water thoroughly. Approximately 20,000 seedlings can be planted per mu. Emergence occurs within 7–10 days, followed by regular management. The crop can be harvested after one year or two years, depending on the desired size and quality.
5. Harvesting and Processing: Harvest in late autumn or early spring. Cut the dry stems and use a tractor with a plow to dig up the roots to a depth of about 30 cm. Manually remove any remaining stalks after each pass. Once the roots are extracted, they are cleaned, and the second plowing ensures thorough collection. A team of six workers with a tractor can harvest approximately 8 acres per day, significantly reducing damage compared to manual methods. After air-drying for a few days, the roots are trimmed, bundled, and sold.
6. Yield and Profitability: Annual yields range from 400–600 kg per mu, while two-year-old plants can produce over 1000 kg. With a market price of 10–12 yuan per kilogram, income per mu ranges from 4000 to 7000 yuan. The total investment per mu includes 186 yuan for seeds, 150 yuan for fertilizers, 10 yuan for pesticides, 50 yuan for land preparation, and 60 yuan for labor, totaling around 450 yuan. The net profit per mu can reach 3500–6000 yuan. Inter-cropping with other crops can further enhance economic returns.
Shandong Heze City Runkang Chinese Medicine Research Institute – Li Hongjun & Yu Xia
Address: No. 129, Mudan North Road, Heze City, Shandong Province
Tel: 0530-3978801
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