001 fermentation bed to do very standard and very beautiful?
Should be adapted to local conditions and vary from person to person. Such as the local demonstration project, demonstration sites, large-scale pig farms, and the strength of funds are very strong, of course, larger investment plans can be used to make very standardized fermentation beds. However, using Jinbao Fermentation Aid as a fermentation bed is in the interest of the user's economic interests, it can be combined with the actual situation of the user, and it can be completely simplified due to the fact that it can save the province, without affecting the use of results. The new pigsty can be combined with the old one. If it can be retrofitted, it can be retrofitted.
002, what is the "starting" of the fermentation bed? Why do you have to start?
The functional bacteria in the Fermentation Auxiliary Fermentation Aid of Jinbao Pig's Pig Stir are the fastest to grow at temperatures above 10-15°C. Below this temperature range, they are in an inactive state or semi-dormant state, and will be dormant below 5°C. , Functional microorganisms below 0°C will be in complete hibernation and will not work properly. Therefore, in the temperature range below the most active state (below 10-15°C), artificial warming up is usually used to try to bring the ambient temperature to 10-15°C or more, so that the microorganisms can break the dormant state and enter the rapid breeding period as soon as possible. To "work" the fermentation bed, this artificial warming is called "starting." After start-up, the bacteria will undergo a short-term adaptation period and then rapidly reproduce in geometric progression (ideally, up to 272 in 24 hours!!). During the process of fermentation and reproduction, a large amount of heat will be released and the ambient temperature will continue to rise. high. The strains use their own calories to accelerate their reproduction. This results in a virtuous circle. At this point, the fermentation bed is in normal operation.
003. How to get the fermentation bed to start quickly?
This is a problem that users are very concerned about. The functional bacteria in the fermentation auxiliaries of the Jinbao sty pigs' fermentation bed are ideal for normal start-up temperatures of 10-15°C. The high temperature in summer can meet the starting temperature requirement. How quickly should winter start below this temperature range? The following are a few simple and easy methods, you can choose according to the actual situation:
1, using fresh pig feces pig urine comes with body temperature rapid start (local materials, borrowing potential start method).
This method is also called "starting with the occasion." After the fermented mattress material of the fermented auxiliaries is ready, the bedding of the “relatively fixed†place (usually a few square meters) where the pig likes to pull the urine is crawled away. After 20-30?, when the pig pulls down the hot exfoliated fresh urine, the padding material with the golden baby's fermentation aid is immediately stirred with the fresh pig manure, and evenly mixed, and the sawdust bedding is covered and pushed. level. The fresh excreta that has just been pulled down from the pig’s body has a higher body temperature, generally above 30° C. Functional microbes can use the fresh feces’ body temperature and “free†heat energy to “breverly†ferment. In this way, the “foreign exchange†is started, with fast speed and good effect. Generally, two to three days, local parts will be rapidly fermented and heated up. When the temperature rises above 40°C, it will be pushed to the periphery and evenly distributed to promote the fermentation of other litters in succession. , step by step and gradually advance. In this way, the fermentation of the entire pigsty can start soon in the short term.
Of course, the body temperature excrement that the pig has just pulled down can also be mixed with padding mixed with gold treasure fermentation aids, and then buried 10-30 cm just below the pig's fixed sleeping place, and then covered with dunnage. , Flatten, make full use of the body temperature of the pig to help start the fermentation, when the bottom inner litter began to ferment and the temperature rose to above 40 °C can begin to push the surrounding.
2, indoor pre-heating. First, the indoor use of fire, air conditioning or steam and other methods to warm up to 15-25 °C, and then bedding materials, broadcast the operation of Golden Berry fermentation strains and other operations, the start of fermentation and then remove the relevant facilities.
004, how to adjust the humidity of litter? What is the difference between the surface litter moisture of the fermentation bed and the internal litter moisture (water content)?
The water content of the litter in the core fermentation layer (refers to the fact that no water is added in advance, after the pig has been pulled and urinated) is generally controlled at about 50-60% (the judgment basis refers to the instructions, that is, a hand grasps a material and has wet printing However, it cannot be driped. This is determined by the physiological requirements of functional microbial fermentation and propagation. Within this range of moisture content, microbial reproduction is the fastest. But the surface layer of about 10 feet is different. This layer of 10 or so layers is generally not fermented or the fermentation intensity is very low. Actually, it mainly acts as a "protective layer or buffer layer" for the whole fermentation bed, just like The "big quilt" covered in the fermented bed is due to the "wind and rain" of this large quilt. With its cushioning and protective function, the function of the fermentation bed can be fully realized. When environmental conditions such as outside temperature, humidity, and even pH change drastically and violently, due to the buffer protection of the "large quilt", microbial fermentation in the fermentation bed, decomposition, degradation, transformation, and accumulation of temperature and heat "business" Advancing 16
OK, basically not affected. On the contrary, when for some reason, for example, the imbalance of nutrient distribution inside the deep material excrement and uneven distribution of fermentation aids, resulting in a large difference in local fermentation intensity, due to the external "big quilt" buffer and retardation, it will not Let the pig feel that some places are too hot and have a warm feeling. Some places are too cold and have a “cool foot†feeling. In this way, the temperature of the whole fermentation bed is basically the same, and the pig’s body is protected to the maximum extent. .
Therefore, the humidity (water content) of the 10 layers of the surface layer of the pad layer is different from that of the internal deep pad material. The moisture content of the surface layer is generally lower than that of the inner layer and is about 30-40% (on the hand Dry, without a sense of moisture), the minimum moisture content does not affect the breathing of pigs with dust or dust that does not take off. Generally, a small amount of water can be sprayed on the sawdust bedding. The maximum moisture content is not noticeably wet. Do not allow the pig to have a cool feeling of dampness. Dry-smoked beds are generally not too damp.
005, thick padding thickness in the end right?
Fermentation auxiliaries are used for fermenting beds. Generally, the thickness of the bedding layer after treading can be about 50 ,. It can be slightly thin in the summer and slightly thick in the winter, slightly thicker in wet areas, and slightly thinner in dry areas. But being too thin will cause the pig to take away the temperature and heat, or the accumulation of excrement and urine too much too wet to cause fermentation, etc.; too thick will increase input costs.
006, how much appropriate amount of starter?
Generally, more than 80% of the total amount is used first (2 kg for the 20-square-meter circle, and 1.5-1.6 kg for the first time), and the remaining part is used as a supplementary supplement, or the species activity is caused by the bacteria strain being used for too long or other reasons. Remarkably lower and affect the fermentation function of the whole fermentation bed when it is refilled.
007, sawdust can replace with other materials?
Sawdust has a lot of unique properties, such as finer uniformity, high cellulose, hemicellulose content, good water absorption and ventilation, resistance to carbonization, and so on. In general, sawdust sources are cheaper and more readily available. Sawdust may be used as much as possible. Sawdust is not readily available or costly. It may also be partially replaced by the following:
(1) Replace with wood chips. Sawdust uniformity is slightly poor, other properties are basically the same as sawdust, and more wood chips can be used in the middle and lower layers.
(2) Use straw rice husk instead. Straw should be crushed, chopped or crushed, but the fineness of the smashing should not be too fine, the length of the smashing can be about 1-3?, because the straw is easier to decompose than the sawdust, so the carbonization rate is faster than the sawdust, and the straw is mainly used as the straw. Pay attention to timely supplements. However, the surface layer is still better with sawdust, the lower layer, the central fermentation layer can use more straw or rice husk to replace sawdust, the bottom layer should use bark, sawdust or wood chips to facilitate loose ventilation.
008. Does the fermentation bed require excrement?
No. The use of goldfish fermentation auxiliaries for the production of fermentation beds can not clear feces for many years. The litter will be continuously decomposed, degraded and carbonized to become less and thinner as a result of fermentation. For example, the user needs to ferment the good bedding as fertilizer or as feed (which can be used to feed lower animals, and the fermented material using straw as litter can also be used Cattle and sheep) can be cleaned or shipped out regularly or irregularly, but care should be taken to supplement the litter and fermentation auxiliaries in a timely manner so as to maintain the continuous and stable operation of the fermentation bed. Therefore, whether or not the excrement is not clear can be determined by the farmer according to needs, and the usefulness is clear. If it is not used, it can be unclear for a long time.
009. Can the fermentation bed be properly sterilized and prevented?
Yes. Pigs are bred in a fermentation bed, and pigs rarely get sick. Even the chance of catching a cold is low. However, when a local, regional, or national epidemic is encountered, or if the entire farm needs to be fully disinfected, normal disinfection can still be performed. Normal disinfection will hardly affect the work of the fermentation bed. Retiring 10,000 steps, even if the disinfectant has a strong lethality, it will only have a slight impact on the surface microbes. The disinfectant will not cause any threat to the function of hundreds of millions of functional microbes in the whole fermentation bed. Its influence is but one of the "nine cows," which is almost negligible. Moreover, after the whole fermentation bed is in normal operation, the internal temperature is generally at four or fifty degrees or higher, and the pathogenic microorganisms are generally able to survive in the low or medium temperature range, so even if pathogens are accidentally introduced from outside the farm, It is also difficult to survive in a fermentation bed at a temperature of 40 to 50 degrees Celsius, and the fermentation bed becomes a real “sterilization bedâ€. It is difficult for pathogens to hide and it is more beneficial to protect pigs' growth and development.
010, do not use activation solution? When to use activation solution?
No. The functional strains in the Fermentation Acacia Fermentation Aid Fermentation function is powerful and high in vigor. Unlike some self-proliferating strains with low vitality, it is not necessary to add additional activators such as brown sugar and urea water under normal conditions. Only under special circumstances, if it is necessary to quickly start the fermentation bed in a very short period of time, or if the function microorganisms in the fermentation bed are greatly degraded, the amount of 17
Sharp drop, the external environment changes drastically and so on. At this time, it is necessary to add activation liquid such as brown sugar water and urea water.
011. Evacuate the pigs in the winter (or summer) and wait until the fermentation bed starts warming before putting the pigs in, right?
Mistakes! It may be difficult to feel that this is not a good thing in summer and it is obviously wrong in winter. Especially in winter, late autumn or early spring when the temperature is below 15 degrees, especially in sub-zero temperatures, the low temperature makes the fermentation bed start to be unfavorable. At this time, we should try to make full use of the fresh feces that have just been pulled down and start body temperature to start fermentation quickly. Therefore, after the layer of fermented mattresses is completed, pigs should be put in as soon as possible in winter and summer in order to start the fermentation quickly, and it is not possible to wait until the temperature of the fermentation bed has risen before putting the pig into bed.
Remember: If you don't put a pig into a pen home, the functional microbes don't have "grain" and lack nutrition, so it's impossible to start.
Because the piglets have less excrement, they can bury the fresh feces of the pigs in the piglet's fermentation bed and allow them to be quickly started to warm up. After that, the piglets will be put in as quickly as possible (commonly known as “borrowing chicken eggsâ€).
012. Why is there no need to worry about anaerobic fermentation?
Some worry that due to the trampling of the pig itself, the surface of the fermentation bed may be dense and form anaerobic fermentation. The harmful gases formed by anaerobic fermentation (including greenhouse gases, such as methane, nitrogen oxide, etc.) may affect pigs. Growing.
In fact, this problem does not generally occur. There are two reasons. 1, the surface litter composed of sawdust is loose, it is not easy to form a dense layer, a step back, and then close, but also less closely to the formation of anaerobic environment. In particular, the use of Jinpo pigpen fermentation bed fermentation agent, its functional species are aerobic bacteria, as long as the circle will not be too wet, for example, the material is completely soaked by pig manure, otherwise, the possibility of anaerobic fermentation is very very Small .2, according to the structure of the fermentation bed pigsty, convection can be formed within the circle, back ten thousand steps, even in the case of extreme ventilation, a small amount of harmful gases, but also quickly discharged outside, not to mention What will be the impact? In fact this is unlikely to happen.
Of course, in the event of external force, excessive weight of objects, excessive time, or other reasons, the bed material inside the bed is too tight, and manual loosening, perforating ventilation, etc. can be easily adopted to improve the ventilation condition of the litter.
013. Why is there no need to worry about salinization?
Some people worry that the organic matter in the pig manure is decomposed or degraded, but the salt content is not lost. Accumulation for 2-3 years may have caused the fermentation bed to become salinized and the fermentation bed loses its ability to degrade pig manure.
In fact, the litter will continue to be consumed during the use of the fermentation bed, so it should be supplemented in due course. Some foreign products, old-fashioned fermentation bed technologies and products, due to the production of self-cultivation strains, require more salt in the production of the fermentation bed, which may result in more salt, and the upper salinized material can be removed before feeding. (a very thin layer).
The special Fermentation Fermentation Bed for Jinpi Fermentation Bed is used for the pigsty fermentation bed. Because of the strong fermentation function of the strains, no salt is generally added (the salt is usually added in the feed, and the salt content in the pig's excreta is sufficient). Salinization occurs.
014. Why is there no need to worry that the fermentation bed will produce excessive temperatures in summer?
Some worry that in summer, the pigs are afraid of high temperature, the concrete floor can be watered and cooled, and there will be high temperature in the fermentation bed. How to cool down?
The use of goldfish fermentation auxiliaries to produce a more standard pigsty fermentation bed, the surface layer (about 10 ?) is actually a protective buffer layer, can not be fermented, the real core of the fermentation layer is generally in the surface 10 cm below the 20-30 cm pad In the material layer, the surface temperature is generally stable at 25-28 degrees or less for many years. It is not too high. In addition, the structure has taken into account the ventilation requirements, hot air rises, cold air enters, convection is formed, and air circulation problems can be solved. So summer is not only hot, but cool.
When the sun is strong in the summer, you can put down the shade net and hang the skirt film around, creating a very good ventilation and cooling environment. You can also control the pig's feed density. The pig's stocking density should not be too high, generally 1.2 ~ 1.5 m2 per pig is appropriate, the pig can be appropriately increased in density. Therefore, the worry of overheating in summer is superfluous.
015. Why does the fermentation bed form a "moisture gradient" and a "marrying-in-law" phenomenon? How to use?
As we all know, due to the gravity of the object, the humidity and moisture content of the litter in the fermentation bed generally always increase from top to bottom, that is, the more dry the upper layer, the lower the moisture content, and the more wet the lower layer, the higher the moisture content. This creates a “longitudinal moisture gradientâ€; because pigs are always accustomed to urine in a fixed place, plus the hysteresis of the water absorption of the sawdust bedding and the moisture evaporates, the fermented mattress layer is pulled from the pig. When the pig is fixed to the sleeping place, its humidity and moisture content decrease in turn, ie, the urine is the wettest, and the sleeping place is the most dry, thus forming the so-called “transverse humidity gradient†of the fermentation bed.
Fermentation conditions (fermentation agents, aeration, nutrients, pH, etc.) are optimally fermented and fermented quickly, 18
Fermentation conditions are inferior to post-fermentation and slow fermentation. Since moisture and water content are an important parameter affecting the fermentation and fermentation speed, under other conditions such as fermentation bactericide, aeration, nutrients, pH, etc., there is moisture at the first fermentation, temporary water shortage after the fermentation (After the water becomes water, it only ferments), the water is much (under the premise that the total water does not exceed 60-65%), and the less water is fermented slowly. Under the same conditions as other important conditions (fermentation agents, aeration, nutrients, etc.), the presence of moisture in the fermentation bed and the amount of water content (ie "moisture gradient") correspond to a "fermentation intensity gradient." In layman's terms, it is "the first condition of good fermentation, after the poor conditions of fermentation," similar to our daily life, "the prostitute married first" (the girl grows well, the conditions are good to marry first) phenomenon. This phenomenon is both good and bad and has two sides. When partial locality is needed to quickly start fermentation, this imbalance can even be left to artificially create local favorable conditions to form a rapid fermentation situation in which a small part of the fermentation bed is in good condition; “when the woman first marriesâ€; when the whole bed needs simultaneous fermentation , we can also use artificial "pumping and thinning" approach, such as increasing the overturning, mixing evenly, supplementing nutrition, etc., so that it can form a balanced fermentation situation as soon as possible. Of course, in the spring and autumn seasons, when it is not necessary to particularly speed up the fermentation or the balanced fermentation, it can also be natural, and the time is a bit longer, and the fermentation bed itself will naturally form a balanced fermentation.
016 how to prevent seepage? Humidity? How to maintain ventilation? How to determine the area?
The fermentation bed can be used on the land surface, which saves money and ventilation. However, if the old shed is a concrete floor, it will not be destroyed for a while, but it can be temporarily retained, but the area is over a long period (usually a few months later). Small pens may have accumulated water. At this time, emergency measures such as venting at the bottom of the hole, clearing the excessively dry litter and drying, adding dry sawdust, and the like are adopted.
Confinement should generally be closed. The north should be careful not to wet the pens on rainy days, and the south should be aware that groundwater cannot seep into the beds. Foundations that are too wet should take necessary anti-seepage measures.
The size of the fermentation bed should not be too small, and finishing pigs should be 1-1.5 square meters per head (other animals can refer to the weight of the excrement). If the bed is too small or the pig density is too high, the fermented mattress material is too wet. The following measures may be taken depending on the situation: (1) clear the wet litter and dry it before entering the bed; (2) add dried sawdust bedding to increase the thickness and supplement the fermentation aid; (3) increase the housing area (4) Reduce the number of pigs.
Fresh litter such as sawdust is best dried after entering the bed (UV can also be sterilized to prevent skin allergies), such as fermentation mattress material is too dry and dust from blowing the pig's breath, then spray a small amount of water or brown sugar on the surface The internal litter of the bed should not be humidified under normal circumstances. After a period of time, the appropriate humidity will naturally form with the increase of excreta.
017 sows can use the fermentation bed? How to prevent skin irritation?
The goldfish fermentation bed is common to fattening pigs, sows, and breeding pigs, but care should be taken in the specific operation. During the week of sow giving birth, the wounds of the umbilical cord and piglets after castration should be avoided. Dirty wounds cause inflammation and appropriate measures should be taken. It is also possible to temporarily transfer or change the ring for a few days. The wound will heal before returning.
During pregnancy, due to belly bulging, weight gain, belly contact with the sawdust layer close, it should be noted that fresh sawdust is best exposed to a few days of disinfection, to prevent fresh sawdust from certain trees make pregnant sows skin allergies. In general, allergies rarely occur. In the event that some erythema or red spots appear on the skin, it is generally good for three to five days without medication. Details can visit the website or consult.
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