Adult laying hens and breeders have more years of use and may experience several alternating heat and winter heat. The physiological habits are very different in the four seasons throughout the year, and the differences show a regular cyclical change. According to this rule, feeding and management can better obtain the production efficiency. (I) Changes in eating habits Adult chicks and breeders have noticeable changes in summer and winter feed intake. They are described as follows: 1. Summer intake decreased significantly. When the laying hens have high temperatures during the summer, their energy needs are reduced and feed intake is reduced. When the temperature exceeds 30°C, the feed intake is reduced by 10% to 15%; when the temperature is extremely high, it can be reduced by more than 30%. As a result of reduced feed intake, the intake of protein and calcium is also reduced, resulting in decreased egg production. At this point, diets should be properly adjusted. Can be adjusted according to the principle of "one minus four increases." A reduction: that is, reducing the energy feed, can be reduced by 0.966 MJ than usual feeding standards. Four increase: that is, increase protein, calcium, fat and green juicy feed. Protein content is not less than 17%; calcium can be increased to 3.8% to 4.0%; oil can be added to account for 1% to 2% of the diet; green juicy feed can be fed more than adequate, but not more than 30%. 2. Feed intake increased significantly in winter. In cold winters, laying hens need to consume more nutrients to keep warm, so feed intake increases. When the shenwen temperature is lower than 21°C, the chicken feed intake increases by 1% for every 1°C drop; at this time, the adjustment principle of the diet is "only increase but not decrease." (1) It is advisable to increase the amount of feed by 10%, but not too much so as to avoid excessive fertilizer. (2) Increase the energy level in the feed. (3) Increase dietary vitamin A and vitamin D3 levels. (B) changes in the habits of drinking water in the outstanding season of changes in chicken drinking water in a year in the summer, when thirsty desire to increase, increased drinking water. In the lukewarm climate condition, the layer chickens drink twice the weight of the feed; in hot conditions, the amount of drinking water is 4 to 5 times the weight of the feed. Corresponding measures: Because the lack of water can affect egg production, such as the lack of water for 24 hours, the egg production can be reduced by 30%. Therefore, it is necessary to provide enough water for laying hens, but it is necessary to limit the amount of chickens that can not be allowed to drink arbitrarily because excessive drinking water can cause water diarrhoea. Suitable drinking water for summer is 4 to 5 times the weight of feed. (C) The pattern of changes in laying habits was the lowest in January, and the egg production rate was about 15%. Afterwards, it rose month after month. The highest egg production rate was more than 85% from April to May. It was the peak period of egg production, and then decreased month by month. It fell to about 20% in December. Corresponding management measures: According to the increase and decrease of the egg production rate, timely adjustment of layer diet, increase or decrease the various nutrients of the diet. In the month of low egg production rate, on the basis of ensuring the health of laying hens, the proportion of protein and mineral feeds should be appropriately reduced to reduce feed costs. In the peak season of egg production, the proportion of protein and mineral feeds should be appropriately increased to meet the need for egg production and health maintenance. (IV) Changes in habit of moulting Under natural light conditions, natural moulting of adult chickens in the fall usually takes 3 to 4 months. The corresponding management measures: (1) During the moulting period, the body's metabolic function weakened, the disease resistance decreased, and the egg production stopped. In order to shorten the moulting time, restore the chicken's strength, promote feather growth and restore egg production as soon as possible, it should be fed to high-quality feeds that are easy to digest. The quality of the protein should be better, and the quantity should be sufficient, especially the methionine and B vitamins that promote feather growth should be sufficient. . Avoid increasing the light time so that moulting can be ended as soon as possible. (2) According to different performances of moulting, selection is performed and eliminated. The feathers of high-yield chickens start late in the fall and begin at the beginning of the fall and winter. After 1 to 2 months, the eggs are recovered. During moulting, the main wing feathers are removed at the same time. The feathers of low-yielding chickens start early, begin at the end of summer and fall, and are replaced after 3 to 4 months. During moulting, the main wing feathers are removed one by one. (3) According to the special needs of production, artificial forced moulting. Normally in the autumn natural moult season, it can shorten the moulting time by more than 50%. After the egg production is resumed, the production rate can be improved by 9%, the egg production rate can be increased, the eggshell quality can be improved, and the egg utilization rate can be high. At present, there are three kinds of artificial forced moulting methods, namely, hunger method, high zinc method, and hormone method. In the production, one kind can be selected according to local conditions at that time.
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