The breeding season of hydra is a critical time for ensuring the survival of the young. According to statistics, the mortality rate during birth is typically between 10% and 15%, while 70% to 80% of total neonatal deaths occur within the first five days after birth. Proper preparation is essential during this period to minimize losses.
Before the birth, it's important to set up a safe and clean environment. Prepare nests, make grass beds, and sterilize cages. Lay down pre-natal mats and use two layers to prevent newborns from falling and getting injured. If a baby falls to the ground, check if it's cold or stiff. Quickly warm it with a hot water bottle and return it to the nest immediately.
When a mother experiences dystocia, she may show signs such as sudden loss of appetite, restlessness, frequent squatting, or licking her vulva. Some mothers may appear terrified, leave the nesting box, or look back as if expecting to see the amniotic fluid but not the baby. In such cases, oxytocin can be administered via intramuscular injection—0.3 ml to 0.6 ml. If the baby isn't born within 2-3 hours, artificial assistance or a cesarean section may be necessary. Alternatively, 10 units of synthetic oxytocin combined with 0.3 mg of prostaglandin E2 can be used. The genital area should be cleaned with 0.1% potassium permanganate or levonurin, then a catheter inserted into the uterus. A syringe filled with the solution is connected to the catheter. If no blood or amniotic fluid returns, the drug is injected. If ineffective, the baby must be delivered immediately, achieving a success rate of 75% to 80%.
After birth, it's crucial to check whether the newborn has consumed colostrum. This is not just about counting the number of births, but ensuring that each pup has received the vital first milk. To do this, listen for strong, loud squeaks outside the nest. A pup that has eaten colostrum will have a black, shiny nose, a full belly, and a dark umbilical cord. Those that haven’t may have pale, soft noses, weak limbs, and yellow umbilical cords.
Pups that have had colostrum are tightly grouped, warm to the touch, and active. Those that haven’t may be scattered, cold, and lifeless. Check the mother’s nipples—if there’s milk, the surrounding hair may block the flow. Trim the hair carefully with scissors to ensure the pups can nurse properly.
During checks, always follow the principle: **Net, Static, Fast, Warm**. Wash your hands before handling the animals to avoid odors that might cause the mother to attack or reject the young. Keep the environment quiet to prevent stress, which could lead to the mother stepping on or abandoning the babies. Move quickly and avoid crowding around the mother to prevent disturbing her. Ensure the nest remains warm to prevent cold-related illnesses like pneumonia or gastroenteritis, which can be fatal to newborns.
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