Luoping County covers an area of 280,000 mu dedicated to corn cultivation. Each year, the county requires approximately 840 tons of hybrid corn seeds. However, in 2006, the county only managed to produce 2,000 mu of crops during the season, with an average yield of 160 kg per mu. This resulted in an annual output of over 300 tons of hybrid seeds, leaving a significant gap of more than 500 tons.
Depei Village, located in a low-heat valley area of Luoping County, has an average annual temperature of 16°C, with about 1,319.5 mm of rainfall and over 1,800 hours of sunshine annually. The region is humid, warm, and well-irrigated, making it ideal for seed production. Despite these favorable conditions, challenges such as difficulty in selecting isolation zones and harvesting during rainy seasons have led to delays in seed storage, severely affecting seed marketing. As a result, the demand for hybrid maize seeds in the county remains high.
To address this issue, Luo Pingxian Seed Company initiated trials in Depei Village in 1995, successfully implementing spring seed production. By the end of 2006, the total area under spring propagation exceeded 3,000 mu, with an average yield of 120 kg per mu.
The spring multi-cropping seed production technology used in Depei Village primarily relies on time isolation, which minimizes cross-pollination, ensures high seed purity, and allows for earlier harvests. This approach reduces costs and maximizes the use of available land, providing new opportunities for increasing agricultural output and farmers’ income.
Before sowing, sun-drying the seeds helps increase germination rates and promote uniform sprouting. Parent seeds are typically exposed to sunlight for 1–2 days prior to planting. A reasonable ratio between male and female parents is crucial to improve pollination success. For example, if the female parent has limited pollen acceptance, a 6:1 ratio is used, while a 5:1 or 4:1 ratio is preferred when pollen availability is low.
Male parents are sown in three stages, spaced 5–7 days apart, ensuring a prolonged pollen supply and sufficient pollination. This method guarantees better seed setting and higher yields.
High-yield cultivation techniques include selecting suitable land with good irrigation, proper layout of isolation zones, and ensuring flat fields with fine soil and straight ditches for efficient water management. Sowing is done according to the growth cycle of the parents, often in late February to early March, using plastic film to retain moisture and warmth.
Field management involves timely removal of the plastic film after emergence, thinning seedlings at the 3–4 leaf stage, and applying fertilizer and cultivating regularly. Female plants require focused attention during the tillering and jointing stages to ensure healthy growth and effective emasculation, while male plants need care to enhance pollen quantity and quality.
Due to spring drought and low temperatures, small ground beetles can become a problem, especially in low-lying areas with high groundwater levels or loose sandy soils. Prevention methods include spring plowing before sowing to eliminate eggs and weeds, followed by spraying organic phosphorus insecticides or using poisoned soil mixtures to protect young seedlings.
Flower forecast adjustments are essential due to varying weather conditions. If drought occurs, the flowering period must be predicted and adjusted accordingly. Fast-growing parents may need to be controlled, while slower ones should be encouraged to grow. During the flowering phase, the male parent should be pollinated first, and the female parent should be emasculated appropriately. Artificial pollination is also used to maintain seed purity and increase yield.
Strict parent selection is vital. Before sowing, all hybrid, weak, or suspicious seedlings are removed. Female parents are carefully selected to ensure uniformity, while male parents are thinned to allow for optimal growth. During flowering, any contamination is strictly avoided, and any stray plants are removed. After the flowering period, the male plants are cut down, and during harvest, any mixed ears are eliminated to prevent contamination.
Emasculation is a critical step in the process. The female parent must be cleaned thoroughly before the ear emerges, with one or two leaves removed to ensure complete emasculation. Any stray pollen-producing plants within a 5-meter radius should be removed.
Harvesting is done promptly once the crop is mature, usually from late June to early July. After harvesting, mixed or diseased ears are removed to prevent mold and maintain seed viability. Proper storage and handling are essential to avoid human or mechanical mixing.
Luoping Datian Seed Company has played a key role in improving hybrid seed production in the region, contributing significantly to meeting local demands and boosting agricultural productivity.
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