Characteristic agriculture heavily relies on greenhouses, but the structural framework has long been a limiting factor in their development. Traditional greenhouses typically use bamboo, steel, and cement for their skeletons, with costs ranging from 6,000 to 10,000 yuan per 667 square meters. These materials not only come at a high price but also bring operational challenges—such as heavy pillars that obstruct farming equipment and reduce light penetration. Moreover, their lifespan is short, lasting only 2 to 10 years. In addition, traditional greenhouses suffer from poor thermal efficiency, inadequate lighting, and weak insulation, which limits their overall performance.
The new technology introduces a revolutionary greenhouse skeleton that combines the flexibility of bamboo, the strength of steel, and the moisture-resistant properties of plastic. This advanced material can last up to 20 to 30 years, making it far more durable than conventional options. The design features a curvature of over 2.5 meters at the ridge and spans between 8 to 16 meters, eliminating the need for internal pillars. This allows for easier operation of farming machinery and better light distribution. The cost of producing this skeleton is just 1.30 yuan per meter. For example, an 8-meter wide by 84-meter long greenhouse would require 84 skeletons of 10 meters each, totaling 1,092 yuan. Adding the cost of agricultural films and other consumables, the total investment would remain under 3,000 yuan. Compared to a reinforced concrete structure that lasts about 10 years and costs at least 5,000 yuan, this method offers significant savings.
While some manufacturers offer pillarless greenhouses, the price range of 10,000 to 20,000 yuan is still too high for most farmers. To address this, the following simple technique allows for the production of inorganic composite greenhouses without the need for expensive machines.
First, create your own molds. Visit a building materials store and purchase high-quality PVC pipes with a diameter of 4-6 cm and custom lengths. Cut the pipe lengthwise with a saw. Since PVC is flexible, it can be bent to match the desired curve. To maintain the shape during casting, an outer mold must be made. This can be constructed from wood or steel, as long as it can hold the required curvature.
Second, prepare the raw material mixture. A basic formula includes 30% magnesium chloride, 50% magnesium oxide, 13% talc, 0.5% sulfuric acid, 0.1% triethanolamine, 0.1% toluene, 0.3% ferrous sulfate, oxalic acid (for pH adjustment), trisodium phosphate, 1% formaldehyde, 0.03% diamine, 0.02% phenol, and 2.95% glass fiber filaments. If the formula seems too complex, you can simplify it by using only the first three ingredients and glass fiber. Other chemicals are added to enhance strength, improve tensile resistance, and prevent the material from becoming powdery.
For the release agent, you can use one of the following: polyvinyl alcohol, butter, or concentrated soap.
Third, gather the necessary tools. You’ll need brushes, plastic scoops, vibrators, and either wooden or rebar molds.
Finally, follow the production process:
1. Fix the mold onto the mold holder and apply the release agent.
2. Pull fiberglass filaments through the die from one end to the other, ensuring even distribution.
3. Mix the main ingredients with water to form a toothpaste-like paste. Test the pH with a strip and adjust to 7-8 using oxalic acid if needed.
4. Use a plastic scoop to fill the mold gradually while gently pulling the glass fiber filaments to center them within the mold.
5. Activate the vibrator while filling to ensure the material is densely packed and free of air bubbles.
6. Once the mold is fully filled, place it horizontally and let it cure naturally for seven days. After drying, remove the mold to reveal a perfectly curved greenhouse skeleton ready for use.
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