The quality, safety, nutrition, and hygiene of vegetable products not only directly affect the physical health of urban and rural residents, but also determine its economic and social benefits. Non-polluted vegetable production should master the following aspects: (1) Variety selection. We must choose varieties with good quality, high yield, and strong resistance to adverse environmental conditions, especially strong resistance to pests and diseases. (2) Environmental conditions. To establish a vegetable production base, we should choose areas where air, water, and soil are not polluted, away from factories, hospitals, and living areas where “three wastes†are polluted. We must also have fertile soil, good drainage and irrigation, and convenient transportation, which are suitable for vegetable production. The environmental conditions of the production base should be regularly monitored and necessary measures must be taken to ensure the environmental quality. (3) Apply fertilizer. First, the principles of fertilization should be dominated by organic fertilizers, supplemented by other fertilizers; mainly by multiple compound fertilizers, supplemented by single element fertilizers; mainly by basal fertilizers, supplemented by top dressing. Try to limit the application of chemical fertilizers. To prohibit the use of chemical elements or biological fertilizers that have not been registered by the national and provincial agricultural authorities, the use of nitrate nitrogen fertilizers is prohibited. Chemical fertilisers should be strictly controlled and use no more than 25 kilograms per mu. They must be used in conjunction with organic fertilizers. The ratio of organic nitrogen to inorganic nitrogen is 2:1. The last topdressing should be done 30 days before harvest. The second is fertilizer technology. The promotion of formula fertilization technology not only yields high quality, but also improves the resistance of plants, reduces the occurrence of pests and diseases, and reduces the accumulation of nitrate due to partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. Farmyard fertilizers should be treated with high temperature and decompose to kill pathogens, insects, eggs, etc. Nitrogen fertilizers should be applied early, which can reduce the volatilization of nitrogen, extend the period of fertilizer, and reduce the accumulation of nitrate in vegetable products. Generally ammonium nitrogen And urea should be applied to 6 cm, 10 cm below the soil layer. (4) Prevention of pests and diseases: The prevention and control of pests and diseases of pollution-free vegetables must be based on the principle of prevention and integrated prevention and control. Based on the improvement of the ecological environment and the strengthening of cultivation and management, priority should be given to agricultural control, biological control, and physical control methods. Reduce the amount of chemical pesticides to reduce pollution and residue. Biopesticides or biochemicals that are suitable for use include fungicides: agricultural antibiotics 120, agricultural streptomycin, insecticides: high-efficiency bt, and agricultural haha. These pesticides are based on bacteria, insects, pesticides, can protect natural enemies of pests, its effect is better than the general chemical pesticides. Specific insect regulators can also be used to inhibit Tai Tai Bao, high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue pesticide Kete, thiophanate methyl. To strictly control the interval between drugs. Bio-pesticides have a safety interval of 3 to 5 days, chrysanthemum pesticides 5 to 7 days, organic phosphorus pesticides 7 to 10 days, and bactericidal pesticides more than 15 days. To achieve the rule of the first generation and to suppress the second generation, if it can be ruled without treatment, only a single treatment will be necessary. This will reduce pesticide residues in vegetables, so that urban and rural residents eat "safe."
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