For peppers, everyone is no stranger, potted vegetables have become the new darling of urban people in recent years. The development of potted pepper cultivation can be used not only for viewing but also for eating. The peppers that I grow are fed with truly pollution-free green food. Let's talk about the selection and cultivation techniques of potted pepper varieties.
1. Variety selection and characteristic characteristics
Since 2010, the Foshan Institute of Agricultural Sciences has used greenhouses (greenhouses) to plant potted ornamental peppers, which has become the highlight of each agricultural display, adding new ideas and new elements to the display of agricultural varieties. From the more than 80 varieties planted over the years, 10 varieties of ornamental peppers suitable for pot planting in Foshan City, plant shape, green color, fruit hanging, stable traits, easy planting, long viewing period and high ornamental value were selected. For Foshan agricultural parks, leisure farms, etc.
(1) Red Eagle
The plant height is 15 to 30 cm, the fruit is 5 to 6 cm long, and the cone is long and conical. It is born on plants with good erectility. The fruit turns from white to orange red and then to red, and each plant can be solidified by 40 to 50. No spicy, it is the ideal home bonsai for autumn and Christmas.
(2) Mini Eagle
The plant height is 20 cm and the crown diameter is 25 cm. The fruit turns to the sky, the fruit turns from white to yellow to orange, and finally to bright red, which can be picked and eaten after 98 days of sowing.
(3) Amethyst ornamental pepper
Herbs perennial, often cultivated annually, with a plant height of 20 to 30 cm. Berry erect or sagging, long fingered or subglobose, red, yellow or purplish when mature.
(4) èŸ Peach Bell Pepper
The color is gorgeous, the mini peach shape, the plant is naturally compact, the branching is good, the temperature is warm, the frost is afraid, and the high temperature is avoided. The suitable temperature for fruit development is 25-28 °C. It is a short-day plant, which is not strict with lighting requirements. It can be planted in spring and autumn. It can be used for potted plants and can be eaten.
(5) Colorful small pepper
The plant height is 35-40 cm, the growth is strong, the branches are many, the leaves are small, dark green, the fruit is short conical, several different colors, also called ornamental pepper, the color is bright, beautiful, the ornamental value is high, can be potted, also It can be cultivated in the open field, with strong spicy taste, cooked food, raw food and strong disease resistance.
(6) Gebi
Precocious, harvested 65 to 70 days after planting (in the open field). The fruit is solitary, the tender fruit is yellowish white, and when it is fully mature, it turns into bright red. Mature fruit is 4.6 to 4.8 cm. The flesh is thick and spicy. High resistance to bacterial wilt, heat resistance, cracking resistance, and strong fruit setting ability.
(7) Tianjiao Caihuang 1
Colored pepper, early maturity, plant height 45 cm, plant width 60 cm, shorter internodes, starting flowers from 8 to 9 knots, fruit horns, tender green, old ripe fruit orange, fruit length 20-22 cm, fruit width 3.5 cm, small head shoulder, single fruit mass 70 ~ 80 g, fruit surface smooth and shiny, good commodity, concentrated fruit, thin skin and thick fruit, small, spicy, rich flavor, rich in vitamin C and carotene, high quality It is a variety of fresh food and processing.
(8) Jing Cai Zilong
Strong growth potential, fruit horn shape, commercial fruit purple, slightly spicy, smooth fruit, good quality, fruit length × fruit width is 16.0 cm × 3.8 cm, single fruit quality 60 g, more antiviral disease.
(9) High-yield wrinkled pepper
Strong resistance and high yield. The plant height is 50-60 cm and the degree of development is 45-60 cm. The peel is shrunk, the peel in the green fruit is light yellow-green, the old ripe fruit is bright red, and the fruit is in a lantern shape.
(10) Ball No. 1
The No. 1 ball is a medium-cooked single-born Zunyi Chaotian pepper type. The plant height is 90 cm, the plant is strong, the branches are hard, the leaves are small, the leaves are dark green; the fruit is conical, the fruit is 3.6 cm long, the fruit is 3 cm wide, the fruit tip is blunt, the fruit consistency is good in the early and late stages, and the fruit quality is 10 About g, the red fruit is deep red, spicy and fragrant, with 24% dry matter content, more oil, and no wrinkles after drying. Early maturity, dense inter-section, more fruit per plant, high yield potential, resistance to damp heat, strong resistance, suitable for dry pepper or soaked pepper.
2. Cultivation management technology
(1) Potted containers and soil preparation
1Select container type and size according to variety, plant height, shape and commercial requirements
Plastic greenhouses are used for greenhouse cultivation, and the specifications are 250 mm × 250 mm, 300 mm × 260 mm, and 400 mm × 300 mm. Generally, the plant height of 30 cm is 250 mm × 250 mm; the height of 30 to 60 cm is 300 mm × 260 mm; the height of 60 cm is 400 mm × 300 mm.
2 potted soil selection
Choose high-quality pond mud to thicken coconut cod or mushroom sticks and mix in a ratio of 1:1. Add 3 kg of superphosphate and 1.5-15-15 compound fertilizer per kg of nutrient soil. Spray carbendazim 750 times solution before transplanting, or directly use the special cultivation substrate for pepper.
(2) seedlings
Sowing in the spring from January to February, transplanting in March, the best viewing period from May to July; planting in the autumn from July to August, transplanting in the first half of August and early September, and the best viewing period from November to the next spring. Seeds were placed in bags, first soaked in warm water at 55 °C for 10 min, then sterilized with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 20 min, immersed in water for 8-12 h, washed and dried, wrapped in a wet towel and placed at 30 °C. The incubator is germinated and budded in a 50-well nursery pot with 2 capsules per well. After the two true leaves grow, one strong seedling is kept in each well, and 4 to 6 true leaves are transplanted, and one plant per pot.
(3) Environmental regulation in greenhouses
Ornamental peppers are warm, light and light-resistant, afraid of frost, avoid high temperature, the optimum growth temperature is 20 ~ 30 ° C, higher than 35 ° C or lower than 15 ° C, the growth is slow, falling flowers and fruit; stop growth below 10 ° C, no Cold-tolerant varieties can cause freezing damage (such as mini eagle). In summer, open the shed window as much as possible to enhance ventilation. Open the sunshade net outside the shed from 10:00 to 16:00, sprinkle water on the floor to reduce the temperature inside the shed; turn on the exhaust fan during high temperature and high humidity, increase air flow, and reduce the temperature and humidity inside the shed. When the temperature in the shed exceeds 35 ° C, spray water on the roof to quickly reduce the temperature inside the shed. In the autumn and winter, when the temperature drops below 20 °C, close the doors and windows, try to keep the temperature inside the shed.
(4) Fertilizer management
Keep the soil moist and not accumulate water. When watering, it should be poured along the edge of the basin. It should not be sprayed on the foliage. Otherwise, the plant will be top-heavy and lose its ornamental nature. After transplanting for 5 days, spray 100 times of compound fertilizer aqueous solution, 1500 times of green chitin rooting and anti-corrosion, for 3 times, every 5 days, to promote plant growth; 2 ~ 5 g of compound fertilizer per pot at initial flowering stage At intervals of 10 days; in the result period, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are added, (the ratio of compound fertilizer, potassium sulfate fertilizer and superphosphate is 10:1:2), 5-10 g per pot, once every 7 days, and watering is added. The number of times, at the same time, foliar application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500 times solution 2 to 3 times, in order to improve the fruit setting rate and make the fruit bright.
(5) Fixed pruning
In order to enhance the ornamental, it is especially important to pruning, repairing and fixing the plants. Because the ornamental pepper has large plant width and many hanging fruits, the matrix soil in the basin is small and loose, and cannot bear its own weight. It is easy to fall and break, affecting the ornamental effect, and must be fixed in time. Generally, the fine bamboo or thick iron wire is inserted during the initial flowering period, and is fixed by a thin iron wire. As the plant grows, the plant width increases and the fruit is increased. It is necessary to add bamboo rafts in time, otherwise the branches and buds will break, affecting the appearance and loss of ornamental; timely removal of the old leaves, yellow leaves, diseased leaves and the lateral buds of the tillers to maintain nutrition. Supply and maintain ventilation to reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.
(6) Pest control
There are many high-temperature and high-humidity climates in the south, and the pests and diseases of peppers are frequent, and should be prevented as soon as possible. The diseases are mainly blight, stem rot, epidemic diseases, viral diseases, etc.; the main pests are sassafras, thrips, whitefly, aphids and so on. Potted peppers are mainly ornamental, and prevention and control should be taken mainly in the prevention and control of pests and diseases.
In the seedling stage, the disease prevention is mainly carried out. After the true leaves are grown, 70% of the zinc sensitized zinc (Antaisheng) wettable powder is sprayed 1 200 times every 5 to 7 days; after the transplanting, every 7 to 10 days is sprayed 72 % agricultural streptomycin soluble powder 1500 times solution, 500 g / L methyl thiophanate (methyl thiophanate) suspension 750 times solution, 4% jinggangmycin water 400 times solution to prevent blight, stem rot The root disease; the disease and virus disease can be controlled by 68% Jinledomir (fine nails, manganese zinc) water-dispersible granules 600-800 times liquid, 0.5% lentinan water 600 times liquid; % Avi·哒螨çµä¹³ 2 000 times liquid or 73% acetylene emulsifiable concentrate 2 000～3 000 times liquid control, 蓟马 spray 1.5% A vitamin salt oil 1 000 times liquid or 60 g/L ethyl multi-sterilization The prevention and treatment of 1 000 times of liquid water, the control of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1500 times liquid or 3% acetamiprid emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times liquid.
(7) Harvesting and post-production management
Ornamental peppers can be viewed and eaten. They should be picked in batches after the fruit is fully ripe, the color becomes dark red (or darkened), and the nutrient supply is maintained to promote the second batch of flowering results. After complete harvesting, the plants are pruned, old branches and dead branches are cut, and new branches are re-emerged, and the flowering results can be continued, the viewing time can be extended, and perennial flower cultivation can be performed.
Potted peppers can be used for both viewing and eating. It is a two-pronged way. Let's try planting potted peppers!
Medical Equipment Disposal,Syringes Needles Sizes,Disposable Syringe,Insulin Syringe
FOSHAN PHARMA CO., LTD. , https://www.fs-pharma.com