In early September, experts from the China Cotton Technical Committee of the China Rural Technology Association visited the cotton field and saw that some cottons were growing well in the early stages and many effective peaches were harvested. However, some of them experienced premature aging, and the middle and lower leaves were yellowed or reddened. The upper fruit branch had no flowers, no buds, and a few autumn peaches. Some farmers think that it is verticillium wilt. In fact, this is not an invasive disease but a physiological blight.
Cotton blight occurs every year almost every year, and the incidence of cotton fields is reduced by about 10%, and the loss of production is 30% to 40%. Blight is different from the red stem blight, although both are related to the loss of potassium, but the stem blight of red leaf is generally a sudden heavy rain after a prolonged drought, and part of the potential potassium-deficient cotton plant leaves turn to red wilting in a short time. The stalk became red and gradually withered, leaving only a few peaches, which was severely affected. As soon as the Blight disease is discovered early, the remedial measures are appropriate and the losses are generally not great. The main feature of verticillium wilt is the qualitative change of the vascular bundle of the main stem.
To prevent blight, ensure that the cotton field does not lack potassium.
Symptoms of potassium deficiency: From the third leaf stage to the bud stage, yellowish patches appear on the leaf mesophyll of potassium deficiency, gradually expanding from small to young, and the lower the soil potassium content, the more obvious the symptom of cotton field. After entering the period of boll turning, the reddish-brown spots appear on the lower leaves and then expand into patches. The yellowish-brown edges of the leaves are slightly curled. In the later stages, round holes may appear on the leaves, even perforation, and the bells become small and the boll weight decreases. After mid-to-late September, leaves were successively culm-stemmed.
Potash Fertilizer Application: Potassium fertilizer is one of the irreplaceable elements in cotton life. The ratio of cotton to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:0.3:1. In recent years, the transgenic cottons commonly selected by cotton farmers are especially cross-resistance hybrids. Insect cotton is more sensitive to potassium and the demand is higher. The application of potash fertilizer will help improve the photosynthetic efficiency of the plant, accelerate the transport of sugar in the body, better synthesize cellulose, increase the boll weight, promote the expeditious transfer of bolls, and enhance the ability to resist lodging, defense against blight and blight, and ultimately significant. Increase cotton production.
What needs to be reminded is that instead of simply using compound fertilizers instead of potash fertilizers, although compound fertilizers contain a certain amount of potassium, they are very limited, and the amount of potassium oxide should not be less than 18 kg per mu. For example, the content of potassium oxide in the authentic potassium chloride is 60%, and the application amount per mu is 30 kg. If the potassium content in the compound fertilizer is insufficient, the potassium fertilizer should be supplemented; and the potassium fertilizer should be applied in phases, and 60% of the base fertilizer should be promoted. ~ 70%, 30% to 40% of buds are applied again. Potassium fertilizers are easy to flow in the soil and should be deeply buried. Afterwards, 1% potassium sulfate or 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed.
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