World Standards Day is the anniversary of the establishment of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The day of October 14 was chosen as World Standard Day. In fact, there are 20 gold standards for healthy eating.
Everyone eats every day, but not everyone eats science scientifically. To this end, Life Times reporter invited Fu Jinru, honorary director of the Tianjin Nutrition Society, Zhang Hude, professor of the Health Office of the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Song Xin, dietitian of the Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, to sum up 20 healthy diets. "gold standard". Experts pointed out that if these 20 articles can reach 12 articles, they can be considered as up to standard; if they are less than 5 articles, they need to be noticed and corrected in time.
1. Sit back and forth when eating. People are relaxed when they eat and it is easy to hunch. As everyone knows, this will put pressure on the esophagus and stomach, affecting digestion. In addition, eating at a low table, sitting on a couch, and eating while squatting can cause abdominal pressure and affect the blood circulation of the digestive tract. Over time, it can cause stomach problems and affect heart and lung function. The correct eating posture is: straight back and back, so that the stomach without any oppression.
2. Drink porridge when you are hungry. When people are extremely hungry, their appetite is particularly strong and they want to eat anything they see. In fact, gastrointestinal digestive function has been impaired at the moment, and if you eat and drink it is very easy to cause stagnation. When you are particularly hungry, you should eat a small amount of semi-liquid food such as porridge, noodles or rice noodles, and then slowly return to normal diet. In particular, when you are particularly hungry, do not eat milk, soy milk, yogurt, and sweet potatoes, which may cause digestive problems.
3. Between meals 4-6 hours. If the interval between meals is too long or too short, it will affect the human body. If it is too long, it will cause a high degree of hunger, affect labor and work efficiency; the interval is too short, the digestive organs are not properly rested, and the appetite and digestion are affected. The time that the general mixed food stays in the stomach is about 4-5 hours. Therefore, it is appropriate to have two meals at intervals of 4-6 hours.
4. Eat loved foods first. The dishes on the table must have your preference and dislike. Which one should you eat at this time? Experts suggest that eating your favorite foods first will make you emotionally satisfied. Pleasant mood can produce a sense of fullness faster and avoid eating too much.
5. Don't use your brain immediately after a meal. After a meal, the blood in the body will flow to the digestive organs and the brain is relatively ischemic. At this time, using the brain will cause mental stress, memory loss and other issues, but also may increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, we must rest after a meal for more than half an hour before entering work. Listening to music and taking a walk are all good choices.
6. Don't talk about disappointments while eating. As the saying goes, "Eating is not what we say, we are not talking." Speaking at dinner can reduce the number of chewing foods and reduce the secretion of saliva, which affects the digestive function. A recent study in the United States pointed out that discussing complex or depressing issues while eating can affect people's appetite and digestion. Some simple and pleasant topics can be discussed.
7. Eat hot breakfast. In the early morning, the nerves and blood vessels in the human body are still in contraction. At this time, if you eat cold food, it may cause paralysis in the digestive system. Chinese medicine believes that breakfast should eat hot food and protect stomach. It is recommended that hot porridge, hot cereal, hot soy milk, etc. be selected for breakfast, together with dry staples such as buns and bread.
8. Drink tea for half an hour after a meal. Do not drink tea immediately after a meal, otherwise it will dilute the gastric juice and affect the digestion of food. At the same time, the tannic acid in tea and the protein in the food will produce non-digestible coagulated substances, which will burden the stomach. Half an hour after a meal to drink tea, can promote digestion and absorption, play a role in sterilization and protection of teeth.
9. Do not eat cold drinks at night. After 7 o'clock in the evening, the body fluid metabolism declines. At this time, eating cool foods, especially cold drinks, is not easy to eliminate fatigue and affect sleep.
10. Eat dessert after dinner. Dinner has been given enough sugar, if you eat dessert, the body will absorb excess glucose, starch. Don't eat dessert especially after eating greasy things.
11. Eat dark vegetables. Dark vegetables refer to dark green, red, and purplish vegetables. The Chinese Nutrition Society recommends that one pound of vegetables should be eaten every day. Among them, dark vegetables should account for more than half, and their vitamin C content should be twice as high as light-colored ones. For example, dark purple eggplant and light green eggplant, purple onion and white onion, purple cabbage and cabbage, purple sweet potato and sweet potato, sweet potato, the nutritional value of the former is significantly higher than the latter.
12. Animal and vegetable oils are mixed and eaten. Light eating vegetable oil will promote the increase of peroxide in the body, accelerate the aging of people, but also affect the body's absorption of vitamins, increase the incidence of breast cancer, colon cancer. Animal oils contain polyvalent acid and lipoproteins that are beneficial to the cardiovascular system. Experts reminded that the use of 1 animal oil and 2 vegetable oils can make up for the shortcomings.
13. Eating environment should be quiet. A study at the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom showed that as noise increased, subjects felt less sensitive to sweet and salty foods. Studies have also shown that a noisy dining environment can make people's taste slow. Experts recommend that you do not choose a restaurant with a noisy environment when you eat, and that having a soft music background can make people feel more at home.
14. Do not eat alone. Eating alone is prone to bad mood, and monotonous diet can cause nutritional imbalance. With colleagues and family members eating together, I feel comfortable. The secretion of gastric juice is also relatively vigorous, allowing food to be digested and absorbed as soon as possible. In addition, many people eat together, there are many types of food, each kind of food is easy to reach the nutritional balance.
15. Bone soup add vinegar. The absorption and utilization of calcium by the human body is constrained by many factors. Calcium-rich foods include milk, eggs, bone soup, fish, soy, and so on. Insufficient acidity in the gastrointestinal tract can affect calcium absorption. Therefore, when cooking food, it is appropriate to put some vinegar, so that the calcium in the food can be converted into easily absorbed calcium acetate.
16. Eat fiber food once a day. The human body ingests excess fat and protein and works with E. coli and can become a harmful material. Fibers can surround them and excrete them. Therefore, it is best to eat a little crude fiber food every day, such as oats, brown rice, glutinous rice, sweet potato, corn and so on.
17. More chewing hard food. According to different ages, some hard foods may be properly added, such as fruits, sugar cane, raw cucumbers, and the like. This is because harder foods have to be chewed. When the frequency of chewing increases or the frequency of chewing increases, the blood flow in the brain increases significantly, activating the cerebral cortex, preventing brain aging and preventing Alzheimer's disease.
18. Chewing slowly. Chewing slowly helps digestion, experts suggest that every time you eat a meal, put down the chopsticks and concentrate on your mouth's chewing. Each mouth must be carefully chewed more than 30 times.
19. Eat less salt. The new US Dietary Guidelines recommend that the daily salt intake of each person should be reduced to 2300 milligrams (approximately one teaspoon). For those who are older than 51 and suffer from chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, the daily salt intake should be reduced to less than 1500 mg.
20. Don't abuse condiments. Research by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has shown that safrole, cumin and other natural condiments contain safrole more or less, which can cause liver cancer. Eat more will not only dry mouth, sore throat, lack of energy, but also easily lead to excessive gastric acid secretion and bloating. Therefore, do not overuse when cooking food. (Tang Zhen)
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