The early and late harvest of apples directly affects the yield, quality and storage. If harvesting is too early, the fruit development is incomplete, the fruit is light, the appearance is poor in color, the sugar content is low, and the quality is poor; if the harvesting is too late, the pulp flies quickly, the disease resistance is reduced, and the product is not resistant to storage. Only suitable harvesting can achieve the best food quality, longest shelf life, and higher yields.
How to determine the suitable harvest period of apple
The suitable harvesting period of apples is determined according to the maturity of the fruit, mainly based on the following aspects:
1 Appearance traits, including fruit size, shape, color, etc., have reached the intrinsic properties of the species.
2 Intrinsic indicators Fuji apples, pulp hardness of 6.8 ~ 7.6 kg / square centimeter for the appropriate harvest period, storage of fruit than the fresh fruit hardness slightly larger; soluble solids content of 12% to 15%, if delayed harvesting, Soluble solids content increased, hardness decreased.
3 Starch content of pulp When the fruit matures, the starch is converted into sugar and the starch content decreases. The iodine solution can be applied to the cross-section of the fruit, and 70% to 90% of the fruit is not dyed for a suitable harvest period.
4 During the fruit growth period, each species has a relatively stable number of days from flowering to maturity. Generally, early-maturing varieties are 100-120 days, medium-maturing varieties are 125-150 days, and late-maturing varieties are 160-180 days. Because the accumulative temperature in different areas of the fruit growing period is different, the harvesting period will be different. It is best to harvest in different places within 10 days before and after the harvest period.
However, the determination of any kind of fruit maturity has its limitations. The appropriate harvest time may be different for the same variety in different producing areas and different years. Therefore, determining the appropriate harvest time for a certain variety cannot be based on only one item. Indicators should be comprehensive consideration of the above indicators to determine the maturity of the fruit.
Harvesting operation precautions: 1 promote the use of picking fruit bags, picking fruit ladders, fruit boxes (baskets) and other harvesting tools, must be cut short nails, wear soft-soled shoes. 2 When operating, hold the fruit with your hands, the index finger against the end of the handle is gently upturned, the fruit handle is separated from the fruit stand, avoid hard pull hard; should be based on the principle of light pick, light, light, light discharge . 3 The order of picking is to pick the outer and lower parts of the crown first, and then pick the inner part and the upper part. 4 It should not be carried out before there is rain, fog or dew, and should pick fruit in good weather.
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