The cultivation of young prostitutes is a very meticulous and important task in the breeding of cockroaches. The quality of the bred chicks directly affects the growth and economic benefits of crickets. Therefore, how to increase the survival rate of the young chicks has become the first problem that every breeder has to solve. According to the practice of brooding for many years, the author summarized the experience and introduced it as follows.
First, preparation before brooding
1, determine the brooding method: Before purchasing the chicks, you must determine the brooding method (ie cage or flat raising), and then according to the planned number of rearing, arrange the brooding house.
2. Premises and equipment preparation: The brooding house requires good insulation properties, and it can be ventilated as required, and it cannot leak rain. The ground is dry and it can prevent rats. Check whether the premises are leaking, whether the doors and windows are tight, if there are mouse holes around, doors and windows must be added to the barbed wire to prevent the pupae from flying out of the house and prepare all the feeding equipment.
3. Sites and utensils shall be thoroughly cleaned 3-5 days before hatchlings. The poultry house floor and all feeding utensils (drinkers, feed barrels, etc.) must be thoroughly cleaned. The disinfectant is 0.1% of benzalkonium, 1:2000 of 100 poison and 2 % sodium hydroxide. Then, after the floor is dry, put a pad or cloth and put the brooding utensils into the house to seal the doors and windows. According to the size of the poultry house, 7 grams of potassium permanganate per cubic meter, 14 milliliters of formalin fumigation, closed to 24 hours before feeding, open doors and windows, remove odors, gas and then close the doors and windows back.
Second, create a good environment
1, temperature: temperature is an important factor in the success of brooding, to provide a suitable temperature for the chicks, can effectively improve the survival rate, accelerate growth and development, improper high and low temperature is a stress factor that causes disease, the age of the The temperature requirements are shown in the table below.
The young chicks have small body size, weak digestive function, little food intake, and little heat production, but their body surface area is large and their heat dissipation is high, and they are easily affected by external influences. Therefore, it should be frequent inspections to observe the dynamics of the herd group and determine whether the temperature is appropriate. If the temperature is appropriate, the chicks lively and disperse in the brooders, and their appetite is exuberant. When the temperature is too high, the chicks are far away from the heat source, the feed intake is reduced, the amount of drinking water is increased, the mouth is open for breathing, and the feces are thin; when the temperature is too low, the young The squeezing, necking, loss of appetite, and accumulation under heat sources.
2, humidity: brooding environment humidity is very important for the growth of young chicks, such as excessive humidity is difficult to surface heat loss, loss of appetite, prone to illness; low humidity feathers dry stems, easy to have armpits, licking and anal fistula phenomenon. The suitable humidity is 60%-70% within 1 week of age and 55%-60% after one week.
3. Ventilation and ventilation: The young cricket grows fast and its metabolism is strong. There should be enough fresh air in the house to make the young cricket grow fast. Under the premise of ensuring a certain temperature, properly open doors and windows for ventilation, but do not let the chicks get cold.
4. Density: The rearing density of each day-old cockroach is 80-100 per square meter from 1 to 10 days, 50-60 per square meter from 10 days to 4 weeks, and 4-13 weeks per square meter. 30-35 only.
5, light: the hatchling can be implemented within a week of full-day light, a week after the use of 20 hours of light, with the increase of the age and reduce the lighting time, and the light should not be too strong, 2 watts per square meter, otherwise prone to å•„Feather, anal fistula, toes, etc.
Third, scientific feeding management
1. Drinking Water: Prepare 0.1% oxytetracycline water before starting the chicks to promote the discharge of meconium. In addition, putting stones in drinking fountains can prevent young chicks from immersing themselves in water and causing illnesses. On the other hand, they can induce chicks to drink water. The next day can use water-soluble multidimensional or compound vitamin B solution alternately to adjust the appetite of the chicks.
2, open food: After the chicks start boiling water, you can eat, the initial training can be sprinkled on the mat cloth, so that young chicks feed, 2-3 days after the progressive use of feed barrel instead, feed drums should be placed near the light Let the chicks see the feed. The 1-3 day old chicks can keep feeding for the whole day, and then feed them 3-4 times a day to increase the feeding ability of the chicks.
3, cutting off: If the density of feeding and management is not large, it can avoid the occurrence of defects, generally do not cut it. Because of the great stress on the skeleton. If the measures fail to meet the requirements and occur, they can be completed at the same time when they are 50 days old.
Fourth, immunity and disease prevention work
1. Disinfection tanks should be set at the entrances and exits of poultry houses. Breeders entering the poultry houses should change their clothes and shoes. Outsiders are strictly prohibited from entering the premises.
2. Adhere to the all-in, all-out system. After the feeding and transfer of the chicks, they must be strictly cleaned and disinfected before they can enter young chicks.
3, wash drinking fountains, frequently changing litter or cloth, is conducive to disease prevention. In the practice of brooding for many years, according to the characteristics of the disease at different stages of the disease, a reasonable set of preventive drug and immunization programs can be developed.
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