According to Dr. Yuan Jianhua, a corn research expert at the Institute of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, corn silk smut and maize smut can cause blackening of the ear. The head smut of maize is mainly expressed in the ears of corn. In addition to obvious symptoms in the ears, corn smuts also appear melanoma in other parts. However, the characteristics of these two diseases are similar and the methods for prevention and treatment are similar. All of them need to be strengthened from the start of sowing. Corn head smut is a systemic disease caused by fungi, and the pathogen is silkworm smut. The main source of infection is soil, manure, and seeds. Chlamydial spores on sick plants in the soil are the main source of infection, and spores adhering to seeds can also be transmitted. When the seeds germinate, the germs also germinate and infect the seedlings (the germs invade more before the 5th leaf stage of the corn), and typical symptoms appear at the ear stage. Tassel onset, partial or whole floral deformation, filled with black powder. The incidence of the ear, in addition to loquat leaves, all were destroyed by the bacteria, the appearance of Jianjian, all internal black powder. After the black powder is scattered, only the host vascular bundle is left. Prevention methods 1, rotation. Serious wards can choose to rotate with crops such as soybeans, Vegetables, and Potatoes. Reduce the accumulation of germs in the soil. Rotation period 3 years. Cannot work with Gao Hao. 2, choose resistant varieties. At present, the large-scale use of corn in our province, Suyu No. 18, Suyu No. 19, and Suyu No. 20, as well as the Shandan series, Nongda series, and Zhongdan series have strong disease resistance. 3, seed treatment. This is the key to preventing and controlling corn smut, and it is best to use coated seeds, and you can also use seed dressing. For seed dressing, sow the seed before sowing, put it in a container, add 1% water to the seed, mix the seed wet, and then mix the 0.1-0.2% 12.5% ​​diniconazole (Teprazole) powder. Stir the seeds and dry them to dry. Mix the drug must be uniform. Applicable pharmaceuticals include: Triadimefon with a seed weight of 0.4% (25% of active ingredient); Carbendazim and Veratryingen (0.5% active ingredient) with a seed weight of 0.5-0.7%; 12.5% ​​of seed weight 0.3-0.5% Speed ​​Poly WP, 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder. 4, remove the diseased plant. Pull out the bamboo shoots, dwarf clumps, leaves with yellow and abnormal stems and leaves on the leaves as soon as possible. Bring them out of the field and concentrate or burn out. Do not throw them away, and do not feed animals. Straw manure must be fermented to kill germs.
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