1. Provide more nesting boxes earlier. Turkeys typically mature at 6 to 7 months of age and start laying eggs. It's recommended to set up nest boxes for 3 to 4 hens when the turkeys are around 5 months old. This helps prevent delays in egg production, as turkeys may struggle to find suitable laying sites if they don't have access to proper nesting areas.
2. Use light stimulation. During the growth phase, turkeys should be kept under controlled lighting conditions. From 5 to 6 months of age, provide 10 hours of light per day. Increase this to 14 hours between 6 and 9 months, and then to 16–18 hours after 9 months. If natural sunlight is insufficient, use artificial lighting with an intensity of 15–20 lux (about 3–4 watts per square meter). Light stimulation can extend the laying period, increase egg production by about 10%, improve egg size uniformity, and strengthen the eggshell.
3. Ensure balanced nutrition. During the laying period, the feed should contain 23%–28% crude protein and 12.1 MJ/kg of metabolizable energy. This provides sufficient vitamins and minerals to meet the nutritional needs of laying turkeys and supports their overall health and productivity.
4. Provide enough water and feed properly. Turkeys need constant access to clean drinking water, so it's important to "change water often and keep it fresh." Feed them twice a day—at 9 am and 3 pm—since feeding times directly affect the number of eggs produced. Consistent and timely feeding is essential for maintaining high egg output.
5. Use additional methods. Adding small amounts of manganese to the feed can help produce stronger shells without increasing shell thickness, improving egg quality. Including methionine and 0.05% choline can reduce feed costs by 50% while boosting egg production by 5% to 8%. Herbal additives like Aiye, Bupleurum, Astragalus, pepper, and licorice can also enhance egg production and offer disease prevention benefits.
6. Optimize hatchability. Turkeys are naturally broody and will incubate 15–20 eggs at a time, regardless of the season. To boost egg production, you can use either natural or artificial hatching methods. This helps broody hens return to laying sooner, increasing annual egg production from 80–120 to 150–190 eggs per hen.
7. Add insects regularly. At 3–4 months of age, feed hens 0.04% furazolidone or use chicken insect nets. For broiler chickens, administer levamisole or insect nets before 5–6 months. After 4 months, add crushed sand grains to the diet every two weeks, making up 1–2% of the total feed. These practices help control parasites and support overall poultry health.
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