The ripening of large cherry fruits has the reputation of “the first branch of Fresh Fruitsâ€. It is favored by consumers because of its bright color, good quality, rich nutrition and high value. With the high economic benefits of cultivation, short fruit growth period, and easy management, it is loved by growers. However, in the production, there is a late production of economic output, and the slow success restricts the development of big cherries. Therefore, exploring the early high yield technology of cherry is the key to promote the development of big cherry. Large cherries require strict soil and climatic conditions, and must have a deep soil and good fertility conditions. This is the basis for normal results and high yields. The soil should be loosened frequently. Every year in the spring, summer, and autumn, each cultivating one time, cultivating depth of about 25 centimeters, with the expansion of the root system. Fertilizer management should be applied to the base fertilizer. Topdressing should be done mainly with nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage and phosphorus and potash fertilizer in the later stage. Base fertilizer is applied every year from mid-September to October. The fruit trees grow in the spring of Eli. According to the strain applied organic fertilizer 30-50 kg, urea 0.5 kg, superphosphate 1.5 kg. The pre-growth period (before May) applies 0.75 kg of urea to promote shoot growth. After each month, 1.5 kg of calcium phosphate and 1.2 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per plant. Moisture management should adapt to the characteristics that large cherries are not resistant to drought and drought, and the relative humidity of soil should be controlled between 60% and 80%. In which germination to the initial flowering stage can be based on soil moisture pouring a water, so that the relative humidity of the soil is about 80%, after the control of the relative humidity of the soil between 60% -70%. Second, pruning and constructing tree structures that are conducive to early high yield are the key to early high-yield technology. 1, tree culture. The use of large cherries in the shape of a spinner is good for early high-yield and stable production. This type of tree requires the cultivation of strong seedlings 1.5 meters or more in diameter, and a height of 80-90 centimeters. The main branch is not cultivated in that year, and the shoots on the main stem are cut into winter crops. The cultivation of the main branch is started, which can increase the level difference between the stem and the main branch, which is conducive to the cultivation of affiliation. The tree generally requires a height of 60-70 cm, a height of 3.5-4 meters, and 12-15 main branches every 20-25 cm on the center stem. The main branch angle is 70-80 degrees. Between, not cultivating collaterals, cultivating large, medium and small stalk groups on the main branch. 2, summer trim. In the shaping process, summer pruning should be combined to open the main branch at an angle of 70 degrees, and when the branch is about 50 centimeters long, the heart should be picked up. The tip of the branch should be about 10 centimeters. In the winter, the length of the branch should be about 40 to 50 centimeters. To keep the stub shaft compact. Prevent posterior baldness. Summer pruning is mainly to ease the tree vigor and promote the formation of flower buds. The main measures are: (1) Pulling the branches: Before the summer solstice or in August-September, the main branches will be opened to avoid canopy closure, the lower branches will die, and the branches The germination rate can be increased, the number of short branches can be increased, and the early flowering results can be promoted. The conditions of ventilation and light transmission in the crown can be improved to improve the quality of the branches, prevent internal baldness, ease the relocation of the resulting parts, increase the effective result volume, and increase the yield and quality. Strong branching branches can ease the growth of branches and balance the tree potential. The opening angle for auxiliary branches should be around 80-90 degrees. (2) Carving: Before germination, a knife deep in the xylem is cut across the branches of the buds and leaves to promote the emergence of new shoots. Carving can increase the germination quality of lateral buds or leaves and increase the proportion of the middle and long branches and total branches. The amount is conducive to shaping and making up for vacancies within the crown. (3) Topping: For the strong twigs in the tree, it is possible to carry out continuous heart-pickup. When the long and middle branch shoots sprouted to a length of 15-20 cm, they were cultured in medium and small branches to increase the number of effective results and to promote early results and yield. Wang Tzu topping can achieve growth branches, increase the number of short branches, ease the growth of the whole tree, and achieve the purpose of early results. The growing branches can be picked 2-3 times a year. If it is to increase the fruit setting rate, the picking time should be limited to 10-15 days after flowering. Significantly reduce nutrient consumption, reduce physical fruit loss, and fruit ripe early. The secondary branch that germinates after picking the heart has a high flowering rate. (4) Circumcision: Circumcision is an effective measure to control vegetative growth and promote early results. Large cherry girdling is very time consuming, usually from flowering to 10 days after flowering, on the trunk or branch. The stripping width is slightly larger than Apple's standard, because the xylem parenchyma grows out of the bark and it is faster to peel and heal faster than apples. (5) Thinning: Excluding perennial branches with dense, over-strength, light poles, and disordered canopies are extremely beneficial for adjusting the tree structure, improving the balance of light and promoting flower bud differentiation. In early June, when the branches are dredged, the wounds will heal easily. The vigorous branches that have severely affected the ventilation and light transmission in the crown and have no reservation value can be removed from the base. Big cherry young tree period. Mainly to establish a solid tree skeleton, on the basis of plastic surgery, the degree of pruning of all kinds of branches should be light, in addition to properly remove some dense, cross chaos, outside, try to retain as much as possible some of the middle branches and twigs, light Short one-year-old shoots, promote more branches, in order to facilitate the growth of the backbone branches. For 3-4 year-old saplings, the length of the extension branch of the main branch should be determined according to the growth intensity of the shoots and the position of the attachment. Extension branches generally 40-50 cm should be cut off. Extension of branches generally leaves buds. Varieties with strong erecting branches can also leave buds. When the next winter cuts, the buds are cut off and the outer buds are used as extension branches. This can open the angle. , inhibit its excessive growth. Branches on branches at all levels within the canopy do not move. To make fruit formation as early as possible in order to facilitate early results and early high yield.
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