Researchers at Michigan State University have found that a compound can reduce the rate of diffusion of melanoma cells by about 90%. The relevant findings were recently published in the journal Molecular Cancer Therapeutics.
Synthetic small molecule compounds are mainly targeted at a certain gene activity in melanoma, which stimulates genes to produce certain specific RNAs and proteins, leading to disease spread. But the researchers found that the compound shuts down this activity of the gene.
Small molecule drugs block critical pathways
"Developing small molecule drugs that block gene activity is a challenge," said Richard Neubig, co-author and pharmacology professor of the study. "This compound is actually the same as the potential treatment for scleroderma. Now we find It has a potential therapeutic effect on this type of cancer."
Scleroderma is a rare, fatal autoimmune disease that causes skin tissue and other organs (lung, heart, and kidney) to harden. The mechanism of fibrosis or skin thickening in scleroderma contributes to the spread of cancer. Ninety percent of the scleroderma drug ingredients currently on the market are such small molecule compounds.
The study found that this compound prevents the transcription of the genes involved in the initiation of genes by myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs). These trigger proteins are initially opened by the RhoC protein, which is found in signaling pathways that cause disease spread.
The researchers also found that this compound reduced melanoma cell migration by 85%-90% and significantly reduced lung tumors in mice after injection of human melanoma cells.
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