Pond fish farming ecological disease prevention measures

With the expansion of aquaculture, more varieties and higher yields, the ecological environment has also been damaged. The increase of harmful gases, the breeding of harmful bacteria and the conditions of pathogenic bacteria, resulting in a decline in the body of cultured animals, poor anti-stress ability, can easily cause fish diseases. In the breeding process, the use of drug control after the occurrence of fish diseases will not only increase the cost of breeding, but also lead to a decline in the quality of the fish. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the majority of consumers have also put forward higher requirements for the quality of aquatic products. In recent years, Jinhu County, Jiangsu Province, has used the Fisheries Technology “Huimin Engineering” project as a platform to actively promote ecological disease prevention technology in the entire county, strictly control the occurrence and spread of fish diseases, and ensure the healthy growth and water of farmed fish. Product quality and safety. The main ecological preventive measures promoted and applied in the county are:

Adhere to the clear pond pond

First clear ponds. Remove excess silt at the bottom of the pool, keep silt thickness about 10 cm, and expose the bottom of the pool after dredging for more than 20 days. Cracking of the mud in the end should be more than 2 cm, increase air permeability, and use ultraviolet light to accelerate the reduction in the oxidized bottom sludge. Sexual substances, improving the ecological environment of the substrate, and cutting off the transmission routes of pathogens are the key to controlling the aquaculture fish from becoming ill or suffering from illness. Then proceed to the medicine pond. Use quicklime dry medicine pond, the dosage is 75kg to 100kg per acre. After the medicinal property of calcareous lime disappears, wash the quicklime out of the pool with clean water, fill the pool with 80cm to 100cm, and disinfect it. The dosage per acre is 200. G, to quickly and thoroughly kill the enemy and other harmful organisms.

Adhere to the disinfection of fingerlings

The fish species will carry some pathogens themselves. After passing through the ponds in the clear ponds and drug ponds, if the fish species that have not been sterilized are stocked, pathogens will still be brought into the culture ponds. The pathogens carried by the fish species will multiply when encountering suitable environments and weather changes, resulting in the onset of farmed fish. If they are not dealt with in time, they can easily cause death and cause significant economic losses to fish farming. Therefore, the fish must be disinfected before stocking. Conventional fish species generally use 3% to 4% salt water for bath disinfection for about 10 minutes to kill myxobacteria, water mold and parasites.

Keep Fertilizer Topdressing

Before the fish species are stocked, the bioorganic fertilizer (main components: fertilizer and water flora: photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, etc.) is injected into the pool 7 to 10 days before stocking. The amount per mu is 5 kg to 8 kg. In order to cultivate plankton, natural palatable biofeeds will be provided for the species that will enter the pond in the future. The biological bait has good palatability and nutrition, and it cannot be replaced by any artificial bait. It is the most important material basis for enhancing the constitution of fish species, reducing the incidence rate, raising the survival rate of stocking, and accelerating the growth rate. In addition, biological feed (especially plankton) can also reduce the content of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and play a role in improving water quality. In order to promote plankton in a good state of reproduction, every 10 days or so during the cultivation period, amino acid fertilizers (main components: amino acids, animal and plant proteins, various trace elements, various vitamins, total nutrients) need to be applied to the pool once a day. N + P2O5 + K2O) ≥ 15%), 1.0-1.5 kg per acre, to supplement nutrients, increase the reproduction rate and density of plankton and beneficial unicellular algae, and inhibit harmful algae such as blue algae, dinoflagellates, dinoflagellates, etc. Keep algae stable and maintain the ecological balance of the farming environment.

Increase dissolved oxygen timely

With the passage of culture time, the accumulation of dirt at the bottom of the pond is correspondingly increased, which can easily lead to serious lack of oxygen at the bottom of the pool, resulting in the complete oxidation of nitrite and ammonia nitrogen, resulting in the malignant proliferation of pathogens, and the lack of oxygen has significantly reduced the fish's Resistance, so that it can easily cause fish disease. In order to reduce the amount of sludge at the bottom of the tank, dissolved oxygen must be added in time to create conditions for extensive exposure to biodegradable waste in order to achieve oxidation and removal of the waste. The most effective way to increase dissolved oxygen is to use oxygen in the bottom pores to improve the water circulation and eliminate the lack of oxygen at the bottom. The use of micropore oxygenation should be based on the law of dissolved oxygen in the water to determine the period and duration of oxygen start-up. In general, during the early period of cultivation, the rainy days start in the middle of the night to midnight; in mid-aquaculture, sunny days start in the morning for 2 hours, 1:00 to 2:00 pm for 2 hours to 3 hours, continuous rain or low-pressure weather, and turn on at night at 22:00. At noon the following day, the ground should be switched on at the later stage of the cultivation to keep the water soluble in the pool. Conditional farmers can use the Internet of Things technology to connect the microporous oxygen enrichment equipment and the dissolved oxygen detection controller to the grid. According to the actual situation of the breeding pond, the upper and lower limits of the water-soluble oxygen in the pool should be set to achieve full-automatic oxygenation. The dissolved oxygen in the pool is more than 5 milligrams per liter, providing a comfortable and happy growing environment for farmed fish.

Strengthen stress management

Stress management is the core technology of healthy fish farming, and farmers should apply stress management throughout the aquaculture production. Fish fulminant disease generally presents itself in the aftermath of environmental change and stress. When the water temperature is between 22°C and 28°C, farmed fish are most likely to be affected by the disease. Seasonal exchange is the key period when the risk of disease is greatest, and farmers should strengthen stress management. In a poor climatic environment, with large pH variations, large temperature fluctuations, and deteriorating water quality, etc., the VC needs to be splashed with water. (Composition: Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Glucose, Vitamin C30%) The dosage per mu is 200-250g. By adopting the above methods, the organism immunity of farmed fish can be enhanced, and the anti-stress ability generated when heavy rain, typhoon, water change, fishing, medicine and other environmental factors are changed can be improved, the water environment can be conditioned, and the toxic substances in the water body can be eliminated. It is conducive to the healthy growth of farmed fish.

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1. Sterility: the device can be ultimately sterilized in one or more ways, and the material will not be degraded in the specified time;

2. Storage period: ensure the stability of the so-called barrier during the whole life cycle of the product;

3. Environmental aspects: isolation of water, air, bacteria, oxygen;

4. Physical: can provide dynamic protection, resist impact and wear, and provide structural support.

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