Women of child-bearing age should receive special dietary and healthy lifestyle guidance 3-6 months before planning pregnancy, adjust their nutrition, health status and lifestyle habits, and try their best to achieve the best possible pregnancy.
Once she is found to be pregnant, she immediately buys all kinds of nutritional supplements for fear of owed to her baby.... Tan Rongzheng, a nutrition doctor at Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, points out that with the rising living standards of the residents, malnutrition of pregnant women is already very high. Rare, but at the same time, it is not uncommon for pregnant women to suffer from pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes, and having a large fetus because eating too well and being too refined. He reminded that, in fact, at each stage of pregnancy, the baby's need for nutrition is different. Even if you eat and drink after pregnancy, it may not be able to compensate for certain nutritional deficiencies before pregnancy. Therefore, targeted nutritional supplementation should be carried out from 3 to 6 months before pregnancy. The main supplement is folic acid, iron, and iodine, and smoking cessation and abstinence will help the baby's health.
Folate supplementation three months before pregnancy
Tan Rongzhen said that reasonable diet and balanced nutrition are the material basis for successful pregnancy. Women of childbearing age should receive special dietary and healthy lifestyle guidance 3 to 6 months before planning pregnancy, adjust their nutrition, health status and lifestyle so that they can achieve the best possible status as far as possible, in order to facilitate the success of pregnancy.
According to dietary guidelines for women before pregnancy, folic acid supplementation should be started three months before pregnancy. Tan Rongji pointed out that the first 4 weeks of gestation is an important period for the differentiation and formation of fetal neural tubes. Folic acid deficiency during this period can increase the risk of fetal neural tube malformation and premature delivery, and can also cause eye, lips, sputum, gastrointestinal tract, and heart. The malformations of blood vessels, kidneys, and bones occur.
It should be reminded that due to the time of pregnancy being determined 5 weeks or more after the onset of pregnancy, the conceiving person does not realize that she is pregnant. Studies have shown that after 4 weeks of taking folic acid in women, the state of folate deficiency in women can be significantly improved. Therefore, at least three months before the start of pregnancy, appropriate intake of liver, dark green vegetables and legume foods rich in folic acid. Since folic acid supplements are better absorbed by humans than folic acid in foods, experts recommend taking 400 μg folic acid daily for at least 3 months before pregnancy.
Iron sufficient to ensure successful pregnancy
In addition, iron supplementation before pregnancy is also very important. Hemoglobin increases by 20% during pregnancy. It is also necessary to reserve iron for the fetus in order to be used by infants aged 1 to 4 months after birth. Iron needs to be increased accordingly. Iron deficiency or anaemia during pregnancy will affect the outcome of pregnancy and the health of both mother and child. For example, pregnant women with anemia resulting in inadequate fetal liver storage, in addition to affecting infants' early hemoglobin synthesis leading to anemia, iron deficiency also affects the synthesis of iron (heme) enzymes, and thus affect the production of dopamine D2 receptors in the brain, the fetus And the mental development of newborns has an irreversible effect.
Experts point out that good iron nutrition during pregnancy is a necessary condition for successful pregnancy. Pre-pregnancy iron deficiency can lead to premature delivery, maternal body weight gain during pregnancy and newborns born low weight, so pre-pregnancy women should reserve enough iron for pregnancy use. Pre-pregnancy women are advised to consume more iron-rich foods such as animal blood, liver, and lean meat, as well as plant foods such as black fungus and red dates. Iron deficiency or anemia women can take iron fortified foods or supplement small doses of iron under the guidance of a doctor. At the same time, pay attention to the intake of vegetables, fruits, etc. rich in vitamin C, or supplement iron with vitamin C supplementation. To promote the absorption and utilization of iron.
Eat more seafood to prevent birth defects
Pre-pregnancy and early pregnancy should also be supplemented with a trace element, iodine. Women's perinatal and early pregnancy iodine deficiency can increase the risk of neonatal cretinism in the future. Iodine is one of the essential trace elements in the human body. Iodine deficiency causes a decrease in thyroid hormone synthesis and hypothyroidism, and thus affects maternal and fetal metabolism, especially protein synthesis. Studies have shown that when the iodine intake during peri-conception and early pregnancy is below 25 μg, neonates may develop cretins characterized by mental retardation, deafness, delayed sexual development, motor skills impairment, decreased language skills, and other growth and developmental disorders. Illness and so on. Experts suggest that due to the relatively large need for iodine before pregnancy and in early pregnancy, in addition to iodized salt intake, it is recommended that at least once a week intake of marine foods rich in iodine, such as kelp, seaweed, fish, shrimp and so on.
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