At present, it is an important period for the winter wheat in our county to overwinter, and it is also a critical period for grasping the safe wintering of winter wheat. Wheat is the most important food crop in our county, of which more than 100,000 acres of winter wheat are planted. The winter wheat has entered the wintering period. The conditions for safe wintering are that the temperature is not lower than -20°C in the absence of snow. Since winter wheat was sown this year, it was not affected by the climate. Some wheat plots occurred at different levels. What is serious is that some prosperous wheat has already experienced the phenomenon of elongation in the first internode of the base. The risk of premature jointing and suffering from freezing injury is further aggravated. This year, due to the drought and large planting area, the growth of wheat before winter is basically normal, but the growth is generally better than in previous years. To prevent winter wheat from overwintering and prevent freezing injury, in addition to selecting varieties with strong cold resistance and timely planting so that the wheat seedlings can fully perform cold-resistance exercises, the following measures can be taken to ensure safe winter wheat wintering.
1. Conduct comprehensive repression: It should be carried out when the soil begins to freeze and there is a certain dry soil layer on the surface. The surface soil temperature can be increased by 0.5 ~ 1 °C, especially in the case of loose and rough topsoil, shallow sowing, wheat fields and growing drought and windy conditions, the effect is particularly obvious. The repression of wheat fields has been sustainable until the soil is thawed. Applying 2 to 3 cm thick soil fertilizer to winter wheat fields in wheat fields can increase the average daily temperature of the tiller section by about 2°C. The application of soil excrement or the use of soil or soil for soil conversion can be performed by fertilizing soil and keeping warm.
2, timely pressure wheat cold: wheat fields poured over frozen water, should be in the soil to produce freeze-thaw layer pressure wheat, in order to bridge the seam, reduce evaporation on the ground, cold winds caused by dead seedlings. The time for buckwheat should be carried out in the sunny afternoon of the Snow Festival.
3, cover the cold: a condition of the wheat field, can cover the farmyard fertilizer in winter to protect the cold.
4, winter urine to prevent injury: wheat seedlings can be poured over the winter before returning green urine, with the plot with the pouring, generally about 500 kg per 667 square meters of urine, saline or alkali wheat or wheat fields should not be poured when the urine, pouring urine significant effect of increasing production About 15 kg of fresh urine can increase production by 1 kg.
5. The cover is protected against cold and seedlings. Technical points: After the wheat enters the overwintering period, the wheat seedlings will turn yellow after it is too early; when the leaves are too late, the leaves will be frozen and the operation will be difficult, which will not achieve the desired effect. After the winter irrigation, on the basis of the recalcitrant soil, bamboo shoots were used to cover the seedlings on the bamboo shoots in the Daxing Zhongrong, and the cover soil was about 2 cm. This measure can stabilize the temperature, reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, and ensure that the wheat is green over winter.
6. After the resilience cover is crushed, it is necessary to roll the wheat 1 time, 2 times, and crush the waste materials to make the soil fine and compact. This will help eliminate compaction, cracking, heat preservation, and soil sealing, and prevent soil leakage. This is an important measure for the management of winter wheat in water-deficient wheat fields, and is another important means for drought resistance and cold-resistant seedlings.
7, no wheat grazing. The green leaves that remain during wintering can be used for photosynthesis after returning green. It is the main source of nutrients needed for fresh growth.
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