Kidney beans are thermophilic and resistant to frost, and are mainly cultivated in spring (2 to March) and autumn sowing (July to August). After sowing in August, it was called autumn cowpea. The management of autumn cowpea should pay attention to the following aspects in order to ensure a bumper harvest.
1. Variety Selection Autumn cultivars should use Ningjing No. 3, Baijing No. 2, Qiuging 512, etc., which have strong resistance to diseases and good heat resistance. Some spring cultivars can also be cultivated in the autumn.
2. Soil preparation Planting Loose, organic-rich soil is planted. Deeply pour 25 centimeters. 3000-3500 kg of organic fertilizer per hectare of base and 30-50 kg of compound fertilizer for beans. Land preparation is done, and the width is 1.6 meters (even ditch), and the drainage ditch is opened. Sowing from early July to early August, direct seeding, two rows of each seedling, spacing 80 centimeters, hole spacing 25 centimeters, 3 to 4 seeds per hole, 2-3 kg per acre. After sowing, straw or shade nets are covered to prevent heavy rain from scouring and to be removed in time after emergence.
3. After the emergence of field management, apply a small amount of compound fertilizer or apply urea to raise the seedlings. The autumn cowpea grows in the hot season, watering in the afternoon, avoid flooding, rain for a long time. After flowering and poding, top dressing is applied 2-3 times, and 8-12 kg of compound fertilizer is applied per mu. Combined pest control spray 2-3 times foliar fertilizer. After taking the vines, take the “person†frame and promptly introduce the vines. Leading vines are conducted in the afternoon to prevent vines from breaking off. When the vine climbs to the top of the roof, it will be topping and promote the formation of flower buds.
4. Prevention and treatment of diseases The main diseases of autumn cowpea include rust, leaf mold, anthracnose, and leaf spot. The pests mainly include roundworm and soybean meal. For these diseases and pests, a new high-fat film emulsion can be used and the water can be exchanged for 230-250 kg. , Evenly spray, interval 7-14 days, spray 2-3 times. Can effectively prevent the occurrence of various types of pests and diseases.
5. Harvested autumn pods mature faster, generally mature in 10-12 days after flowering, should be harvested in time, so as to avoid the consumption of nutrients after flowering and scarring. When harvesting, avoid damaging other buds on the inflorescence, and not even picking up the inflorescence stalk. This is not conducive to more flowering and more pods. (China Plant Protection Network: Wei Linfei)
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