Tulips are rich in humus, well-drained sand, or sandy loam. Therefore, to grow tulips, we must choose lands with high topography and smooth drainage. According to the experience, usually 100 square meters of plots are to use 125 kilograms of fully decomposed manure or 225 kilograms of cake fertilizer as base fertilizer. The first year of plots will be 20 centimeters deep and the land will be leveled and leveled to be stable below the temperature. At 14°C (for more than 3 days in a row), choose sunny weather, use 100% liquid of 40% formalin (depth of 10 cm or more) and cover with plastic film to disinfect the soil. The day before planting (cover film dwelling more than 7 days) uncovered the film. The clay was fine and the topography was slightly higher in the middle and slightly lower around. To facilitate drainage.
I. Preparation
Use thiophanate-methyl 1000-fold solution and 1000-fold solution to remove germs for disinfection. When disinfecting, pay attention to:
1) The disinfectant can only be used for a maximum of half a day;
2) Disinfection bulbs must be completely immersed in disinfectant;
3) disinfection soaking time is 20 minutes;
4) Sterilized bulbs should be drained and planted;
5) Bulbs that were sterilized on the same day were planted.
1. Planting bulbs
In China, the cultivation of natural tulip bulbs is mostly used for flower displays or garden and garden landscapes. The planting density is generally 36 balls/square meter, early flower varieties can be properly encrypted, cut flower production can be encrypted to more than 100 balls per square meter. The planting depth is 4-5 cm from the top of the bulb on the soil surface (ie, 4-5 cm thick on the cover soil). After planting, if the conditions are suitable, it can usually be well rooted in about half a month.
2, watering
If the soil is dry after planting, watering is necessary to facilitate hair rooting. Tulips bogey water, rain should pay attention to drainage.
3, fertilization, pest and disease prevention
After the temperature rises in February of the following year, the top buds are exposed on the ground, and sprayed once with 800 sprays of chlorothalonil or thiophanate to prevent the occurrence of disease. At the same time, the compound fertilizer is topdressed once, and the leaves are developed until flowering, before being used with chlorothalonil or Topozin is sprayed once and 800 times, depending on the growth of the plant, a particle compound fertilizer can be applied once more.
4, potted plants and their management
Tulip natural ball pots can use high humus content, well-drained sand or peat, fine sand modified garden soil for potting, and apply enough base fertilizer. Potted soil must be sterilized before planting bulbs. When the temperature is stable below 12°C, single or multiple combinations can be planted in pots, covering 1-2 cm of soil after planting. Drench the water, place it in the shade, and when the roots are well developed, move to the greenhouse for growth. If you grow outside, you must pay attention to the drainage of potted soil, prevent rain in the rain.
Second, Tulip 5 °C ball cultivation management
The bulbs must be planted as soon as they arrive at the client, soil preparation, disinfection and sterilization of the bulbs are the same as those of tulip bulbs. The requirements for the cultivation of tulips at 5°C are very strict. The first time growers must carefully read the planting information provided by us. If you are in doubt, please contact the technical personnel in time.
1. Carefully remove the brown outer layer wrapped in the root plate before planting and plant as required
Careful removal of the brown cortex from the outside of the root must not harm the bulbous primordium. Before the planting, if the ball is peeled at 5°C, it can be planted more shallowly, promote the orderly growth of the roots, shorten the cultivation time in the greenhouse for 3-4 days, and sometimes the roots have already appeared at the root primordium and the bulbs are being planted. Can not recklessly insert the ball into the soil. After planting, put a layer of coarse peat on top of the cultivated soil to prevent damage to the soil structure when watering. Watering should be performed immediately after planting to prevent drying and dehydration. For peeled bulbs, the bulbous nose should be exposed to the soil when planting. Unpeeled bulbs were planted at a depth of 2-4 cm, covering the top of the bulbs, which promoted the bulbs to take root.
2, to provide a low enough soil temperature for the hair bulb root
After planting the bulbs, ensure that the soil has a sufficiently low temperature to make the tulip bulbs well rooted, that is, to ensure that the soil temperature is stable at 9°C or lower within two weeks after the bulbs are planted, otherwise the bulbs will be affected and the roots will be affected. Causes serious blind buds.
If the soil temperature in the greenhouse exceeds 17°C, planting must be delayed for 1-2 weeks. Not only should planting sites be planted in cool enough places, but also correct measures should be taken before and after planting to ensure that the soil temperature is as low as possible. Before planting, the soil in the greenhouse is poured with cold water. After planting, the soil is also poured with cold water. Then, the soil is covered with rice straw or the like to prevent sunlight from shining, and sufficient ventilation can be provided.
It should also be reminded that the root system of the tulip is most afraid of being harmed. Therefore, in the course of hair rooting or good hair rooting of a tulip bulb, it is not possible to carry out transplanting of the tulip, or to transfer the basin which may cause root injury. Once the tulip roots are damaged. Will no longer flower normally. Growers mistakenly believe that blind flowers caused by low temperature, hairy roots, and root damage are the quality of bulbs, because low temperatures and poor rooting will inevitably lead to high blindness or poor flowering quality. A healthy root system will guarantee your success.
3. Provide suitable soil temperature and greenhouse temperature for tulip growth
After 2-3 weeks of low-temperature hair rooting, the soil temperature should be 13°C-16°C. The greenhouse temperature is 15°C-18°C. This temperature is suitable for the normal growth of the tulip. If the temperature is too low in this stage, the flowering time will be delayed, and if the temperature is too high, the quality of flowering will be affected.
4. Relative temperature in the greenhouse should not exceed 80%
If the relative humidity in the greenhouse is too high, the transpiration of plants will be inhibited, leading to plant growth disorders, which is also the main cause of blind buds in blind flowers. Such as leaves, stems tripping, stems appear water immersed, and even the phenomenon of flower withering, are caused by high humidity. In addition, the high relative humidity in the greenhouse will increase the infection of Botrytis, the plants will be very weak. Therefore, the relative humidity should be kept below 80%. Ventilation can be used to reduce the greenhouse humidity, such as installing a ventilation fan in the horizontal direction in the greenhouse to promote evaporation.
5, reasonable watering, to maintain the most appropriate soil moisture content
Water should be applied before planting to reduce soil temperature. Bulbs should be planted in slightly moist soil, and watering after planting is beneficial to the early rooting of bulbs. Usually the amount of water should be based on the premise of maintaining a good pellet structure of the soil. The standard used in practice is that the soil under the bulb can be crushed so that there is sufficient moisture for the plant to grow. During the cultivation process, the amount of watering should be appropriate, and watering too much is very dangerous. The closer it is to the flowering period, the more it is necessary to strictly control the amount of watering. Watering is usually done in the morning, and ventilation after watering can reduce the relative humidity between the plants.
6. Pest control
When the tulip plant grows to a height of 5-10 cm, the plants should be frequently checked for diseases caused by gray mold, rot, and botrytis. Plants without stem development or with very slow stem development may be infected with Fusarium, and removed immediately after discovery to prevent the harmful effects of acete produced by these plants on surrounding plants. Before and after planting, carbofuran is sprinkled in the ground to prevent underground pests and to prevent worms and mites. Before the bud, spend 2-3 times with quick-acting or chlorothalonil 800 times to facilitate the formation of flower buds.
7, fertilization
Generally, no fertilizer is needed. If the growth is weak and you cannot absorb enough nitrogen, consider applying some nitrogen fertilizer. After the bulbs are well developed, apply 2 kg of calcium nitrate per 100 square meters and spread them three times, one at a time between the two.
8, cut flower cultivation
Conditional producers can choose cut-flower production methods for box planting. Prepare a place where the temperature can be stabilized at about 9°C and in a well-ventilated place (such as a cold room) as a place where the bulbs are concentrated. Before the arrival of the bulbs, the roots should be cleaned, all objects and machinery that produce waste gas and ethylene should be removed, and ready-to-sterilize well-conditioned culture soils and production crates. After the bulbs are sterilized, they are planted in a turnover box and moved to the ready rooting site for hair rooting. After 3-4 weeks of rooting, they are allowed to enter the greenhouse. Other conditions such as temperature and humidity are as described above. After hair rooting, pay attention to avoid damage to the root system when moving, and try not to move the plants before the tulip dews to prevent root damage.
Producers under general conditions must strictly comply with the requirements of the preceding seven articles to provide the most suitable growth conditions for tulips.
The tulip is harvested after dews and collected in the morning or evening. 10 branches, enter the cold storage pre-cooled and sold.
9. Potted flower cultivation
The pot method of the 5°C ball of the tulip is similar to that of the natural ball. Peeling before planting and exposing the nose during planting can reduce rooting time. Rooting at 9°C or more for 2 weeks or more. Before the tulip dews, it is forbidden to move and change basins to avoid damaging the roots. You can plant a pot with one ball or three, five or more balls into a big pot.
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