The winter tomato production and nursery period is the summer and autumn season, with more rainfall and higher temperatures. Therefore, cooling and rain prevention are the key to the success of seedlings. The general seedling shed should be shaded and rainproof. The key points of seedling management are as follows:
1. After the emergence of the seedlings, the temperature is mainly reduced, and the humidity is controlled to prevent the seedlings from growing excessively. When the seedlings have 1 to 2 true leaves on average, transfer the seedlings to a nutrient bowl. The general temperature is 20-25℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night. 2. Seedling stage management The temperature during the day is 20-25℃, and the temperature at night is about 15℃. Strengthen light, no drought and no watering, to promote flower bud differentiation and cultivate strong seedlings. Reduce the temperature appropriately one week before planting to refine seedlings to improve the stress resistance of seedlings. 3. Planting Early spring tomato cultivation is mostly ridged cultivation, the height of the ridge is about 15 cm, and the distance between the ridges varies depending on the variety. Domestic varieties are generally planted with 3500~4000 plants per acre; the plots with poor moisture conditions must be filled with foot water before planting. , Irrigation can be carried out 4 to 7 days before planting, and the greenhouse for planting should be roasted more than 1 month in advance. When planting, cut the mulch with a blade to make a cross, pull the mulch to all sides, use a punch or transplanting shovel to dig the hole, put the seedlings in the hole, pour enough water for the planting, and seal it after the water seeps. Seedling depth should be lower than the top surface of the miaotuo. After covering the mulching film tightly, seal the mulching film mouth with wet soil. 4. Production period management 1. Greenhouse film management: Due to the high temperature in the early stage of autumn seedlings, the shed should be increased Ventilation. The front foot apron can be rolled up, and the rear part has vents. Therefore, the top of the shed must be able to open the ventilation seam (a three-piece covering film method should be used for the middle one, the front is the apron, and the top part is for air ).
2. Temperature management: The temperature of greenhouse tomato is relatively high in the early stage of growth, so it should be ventilated day and night until the outside temperature drops below 12°C. Put down the shed film and let the air out during the day. And pay attention to cold. During the slow seedling period, control the temperature at 25~30℃ during the day and 15℃ at night, and enter the fruiting period at 20~25℃ during the day, around 15℃ in the first half of the night, and around 12℃ in the second half of the night. The temperature is lower than 10℃ or higher than 30℃ Not conducive to flowering and fruit setting.
3. Light: Adjust the environment, increase light, and add reflective screens.
4. Water and fertilizer management: after slowing the seedlings and before flowering and fruiting, watering the seedlings appropriately to prevent excessive growth, but also to prevent virus diseases caused by excessive drought. When the first ear fruit grows to the size of an apricot, 20 to 30 kilograms of potassium sulphate is added per mu. Farmers who have the conditions can pour organic manure into the ditch. Spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate during the second ear fruit swelling period. Foliar spraying must be done in the morning and evening. Spraying at noon is prone to fertilizer damage. Later, depending on the growth of the plant, specific fertilization will be applied. When the external temperature is low, the irrigation volume should be reduced, and flood irrigation is not recommended.
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