I. Key points for grapes to shelter from rain
1. The construction of shelters is currently more semi-arched shelters. As shown, the spacing is 2.5-3 meters, the height of the column is 2.3-2.5m, the distance is 4-6m, the shelter distance is 1.8m from the ground, the shelter span is 1.5-2.0m, the arch height is 0.5-0.7m, and the diameter is 3.5mm. Doing arches, the distance between the arches is 0.8-1.0m.
2. Avoid the rain Before the rainy season begins, it is necessary to start sheltering the rain, especially the flowering period, fruit coloring period to the mature period, and surely ensure that the rain shelter facilities are effective. Early maturing varieties should not be uncovered prematurely even after harvest, which can prevent downy mildew from occurring. After the rainy season is over, it can be uncovered.
3, to prevent the photo-oxidation technology to remove film selection time morning or afternoon, cloudy time is also a good choice. Two to three days before removal of the film, leaf spray of amino acid calcium fertilizer + NaHSO3, can effectively alleviate photooxidation of the leaves.
Second, how to avoid the cost of grape cultivation
Compared with the traditional cultivation mode, the rain-fighting facilities increase the cost per mu by 3000-5000 yuan, but the rain-fighting facilities can use more than 10 years, and the average annual increase is 300-500 yuan. However, by adopting rain-fence cultivation and supporting techniques, the labor costs of new shoots, fertilizers, soil management, and spraying have declined. In particular, the number of sprays can be reduced from 12-16 times to 6-8 times.
After adopting rain cultivation, the quality of grapes is obviously improved, and the yield of high-quality fruit is greatly increased. The price per kilogram of grapes can be increased by at least 5-10 yuan. This way, the net profit per acre can be increased by at least 5,000 yuan. The growers in the village of Vaxi Village strictly implement standardized fruit and vegetable management measures, and the high-grade fruit produced can reach a price of 15 yuan per panicle.
Third, rain shelter facilities cultivation technology
1. Limiting root cultivation techniques: excavation and planting ditch or planting hole, planting plastic film with a thickness of not less than 0.08mm on both sides of the ditch and planting the ditch, filling the organic fertilizer with soil and backfilling, and then planting seedlings, this is the limit Root cultivation techniques. In this way, the root system can be limited to a certain extent, water and fertilizer can be more concentrated, and the water management of the vineyard can be better regulated.
2, using high-efficiency light-efficient tree, leaf curtain-shaped: in winter is vulnerable to frost damage in the area, to use the winter can be off the tree. For hordes of tree species, straight sheds are a good choice. Most varieties can adopt single-dry single-arm "factory" shape tree, and then match "V" leaf screen. After the winter, it will be easily covered and it will save the pain of burying in the cold.
3, soil management: tree plate covered with plastic film or reflective film, between the rows of grass. While saving labor, the local micro-environment was improved.
4. Integration of fertilizer and water: Separating natural precipitation, growers can use the fertilizer and water requirements of different developmental stages of the grape. They want to pour and pour, and they want to control and control. It is so capricious. But the premise is to ensure that there is water.
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