The dwarfing anvil apple tree has many different manifestations. Cultivation and management of dwarf apple trees requires that according to the production habits of the dwarf rootstock apple trees, corresponding cultivation and management measures should be taken in order to give full play to the potential for yield increase and high efficiency of dwarf planting apple trees. The management points are as follows: 1. When the tree crown is small, the planting density should be increased. Under the same cultivation and management conditions, the dwarf apple tree had a smaller tree crown than the Qiao anvil, and the yield per plant was lower than that of the tree apple tree. Planting short-stocked apple trees (including short-stemmed varieties), if they are planted as a kind of apple tree, will not only exert the high yield advantage of dwarf trees, but its per unit area yield will be lower than that of the tree. Therefore, planting dwarf apple trees must be based on different dwarfing rootstocks and different types of short-stemmed varieties, appropriate increase in planting density, and reasonable close planting. For example: M26 interstock apple tree, generally 80-100 acres can be planted, M7 interstock apple tree, 50-60 acres planted more appropriate. 2, dwarf apple trees should not use the base of the three main branches, cross-shaped trees. The main branch number is more. Dwarf apple trees have high planting densities, and the tree shape is not suitable for the tall tree shape of the multi-layer main branch of trunk sparse layer shape, and the spindle shape, elongated spindle shape, or modified spindle shape is used. Whether it is a spindle or a slender spindle, the contradiction between the limited growth space and the increase in the number of branches and leaves of the plant and the rapid growth are the main contradictions in dwarfing densely planted apple trees. Regardless of the type of spindle-shaped tree, its structural characteristics are that there is no main branch and no side branch. In the process of plastic pruning, attention must be paid to the size of the control canopy; the number of main branches should be increased, because the main branch increases and there is no side branch, To prevent the main branches from growing stronger than the central stem, do not allow the main branches of the tree to grow and grow too thick, causing the central stem to grow weaker, and reducing the branches of each main branch. Pay attention to light cuts. When pruning in winter, the main branches of the young trees may not be short cut. 3, the tree tends to be weak, we must pay attention to update rejuvenation. Dwarf dense planting of apple trees, planting density, orchard lighting conditions are not as good as the Joe anvil dildo plantation, a single plant bearing fruit, high yield per unit area, therefore, if there is a slight shortage of fertilizer and water supply, the tree vigor is very easy to weaken, if the species is Short-stem-type varieties, management can not keep up, more prone to premature aging. Due to the above reasons, after the tree enters the full fruit period, some of the trees bloom to the top, and special attention must be paid to updating the pruning. In the management of fertilizer and water, it is necessary to ensure the supply of nutrients and moisture. When pruning, attention should be paid to adjusting the tree vigor to make it balanced. It is necessary to maintain the growth advantage of the center, delay aging and extend the economic life of the tree. 4, a large number of plants, branches, leaves and more. The dwarf densely planted apple trees also have a feature that the number of tree plants planted per unit area is large, and the total number of branches and leaves of the entire garden tree is much larger than that of the Qiaohua Sparse Apple Orchard, and the growth conditions of the whole park's branches are poor. The growth area of ​​the tree is limited. When the number of leaves of a tree exceeds a certain limit, the leaves will inevitably shade each other and affect the light in the canopy. The organic nutrients synthesized by the leaves through photosynthesis will be reduced. Not conducive to tree growth and flowering results. Therefore, various measures should be taken to improve the light conditions and enhance the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves. To this end, winter shearing should pay more attention to sparse shearing, less shearing, and if necessary, sparse shearing in summer, timely and appropriate adjustment of the tree structure to increase the effective leaf area coefficient; the shading from the orchard should be reduced, and orchards should be built in the mountains. It is better to build gardens in open areas in sunny areas; it is better to plant trees in rows in the north and south, and cultivate in rectangles to increase the distance between rows of plants to increase the light time and enhance the photosynthetic efficiency; after proper cutting and cutting of branches and leaves, it is necessary to prevent premature decay or shedding of leaves to ensure growth. Late photosynthesis.
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