Because of its tender, digestible, low fat, and lean meat, lamb meat is deeply loved by people. Supplementing lambs in winter can make its growth and development faster, increase feed conversion rate, shorten the fattening time, and rapidly develop high-standard lambs to make lambs. Meat production rate, slaughter rate and commodity rate have been significantly improved, and meat quality is good. It has the advantages of short production cycle, low cost, high lamb weight gain and high economic benefits. Therefore, this issue introduces a group of efficient lamb raising techniques for winter lambs for reference by farmers.
Optional feeding
In order to reduce the cost of feeding, some farmers are not allowed to feed lambs and will make the best use of low-cost summer pasture. However, supplementation can ensure that the lamb becomes a ruminant with complete digestive function. This means that the mixed feed can be well fed and gain weight at a relatively young age, especially when the lambs of twin and triple lambs are supplemented. Increasing daily weight gain can make lambs available on a younger age. Under normal circumstances, supplementation of lambs can reach market weight 1 to 2 months in advance, shorten the feeding period, and reduce the total amount of feed used by the lambs to maintain the nutrients needed by the body. This not only reduces the cost of feeding, but also increases the economic income of farmers. Reduce the chances of death, illness, or injury to the lamb. If lambs born in winter can be listed before the onset of the hot summer season, it will be more advantageous for lambs to enter the fattening farms at a young age, so that the farms can use the existing grasslands to raise more ewes.
Lambs feeding supplements during the lactation phase are more effective than they are after weaning. Lambs start chewing on food at 1 week of age, but they still rely on breast milk to provide most of their nutrition up to 3-4 weeks of age. Therefore, the daily supplement consumption is usually less than the average daily weight gain, ie, the feed conversion efficiency per unit supplement feed intake is quite high. Although lambs do not begin to consume large amounts of feed until 3 to 4 weeks of age, the small amount of supplements they consume is critical for establishing normal rumen function and developing eating habits. Lambs aged from 10 to 120 days generally consume 0.68 kilograms of supplements per day, of which 0.07 kilograms are consumed at 3 weeks of age, 0.45 to 0.68 kilograms at 40 to 50 days, and 1.36 kilograms at 120 days.
Feeding skills
The key to successful supplementation is to allow lambs to feed supplements as soon as possible. The supplements do not have to be complex. The effect of a single diet prepared by lambs on grazing land is usually the same as that of a composite diet, but it is more palatable with supplements. Young lambs seem to prefer pods, corn, bran and sweetened feeds. These supplements should be used as far as possible to select these feeds as raw materials for the diet.
Lambs should start feeding at 7 to 10 days of age. At this time, one fresh egg, 4 ml of cod liver oil, and 2 g of salt can be added. Mix 100 ml of boiled water and feed it to the lamb when the temperature is 38°C to 40°C. Daily supplement 4 to 6 times, each 50 ml. The ewes and lambs usually live together without separation, and do not let the lamb feel that he has been circled and separated from the ewes. The feeding bar should be located where lambs are easily accessible and the ewes are inaccessible. The ewes and lambs can see each other when feeding. Lamb feeding sites are as tempting as possible for lambs, such as sunny, warm and dry places that are more attractive to lambs. Feeding areas for young animals should be placed with sheep beds that are draped with grass. The feeding trough should be kept clean. Drinking water facilities should be provided in the supplementary area or as close as possible to the supplementary area. If the lighting equipment is installed above the feeding tank, the lamb's feed intake can be increased. In short, if the lamb supplementation area is set properly, the lamb will also like to rest in the supplementary feeding area.
Ewes and lambs can also be rushed to the relatively small space around the feeding bar in the evening. Because the lambs do not like to be squeezed by the ewes, the feeding bar is used as a refuge. There are also keeper who put 1 or 2 ewes in the feeding column for a short period of time. This way the lamb is tempted to enter the feeding column. Although ewes feed on supplements, they can only consume very limited feed.
Timely fattening
Lambs that have normal growth and have been weaned or are about to be weaned should be selected for fattening. Lamb varieties vary in timing of fattening. In order to achieve the best fattening effect, lambs with more fat are usually fattened after weaning, and the formula for finishing feed is adjusted. Lambs with less body fat are fattened 1 to 2 weeks after weaning. Ordinary lamb can use conventional fat increasing formula. General use of meat sheep as fattening lambs, can also be cultivated through artificial cultivation of fattening lambs, the specific approach for the ewes late pregnancy to do a good job of feeding, to ensure its balanced nutrition, and thus make the lambs weaned when the weight of 20 to 30 kg . The feed required for fattening is mainly maize, silage, high quality pasture and other feeds and premixes. Generally, about 3 kg of silage is needed for lamb fattening per day
Lamb fattening selection of legume hay and cereal feed, and its proportion is generally the former accounted for 40% to 50%, the latter accounted for 50% to 60%. General roughage diets can account for 10% to 20% of wild hay, corn straw, bean straw and other crop stalks can account for 40% to 50%, and straw silage or silage corn accounts for 40% to 50%. The finishing formula for fattening lambs was 65% corn, 21% soybean cake, 10% bran, 1.7% rock powder, 1% salt and baking soda, trace mineral elements and 0.3% vitamin supplement.
In the diet of fattening sheep, there are few forages and too much concentrate feed, which can easily lead to digestive diseases and affect the growth and development of lambs, which is not conducive to fattening. Therefore, roughage should not be less than 55% of the diet, and concentrate feed should not be higher than 45% of the diet. At the same time, it should be ensured that sufficient and clean drinking water is provided, which is suitable for 3 to 4 times a day. In the event of a loss of appetite during the fattening process, dry brewers' grains and salt can be added to the concentrate to promote the appetite of the lamb. In short, at all stages of fattening, we should pay attention to the weight gain and health of lambs, and adjust fattening methods and technical solutions accordingly.
Cold and warm
Lambs are separated from their mothers, and the body temperature regulation center has not yet been well developed. In winter, the climate is cold. If you do not pay attention to cold and warm, it is easy to get cold and get sick. In cold weather, the original grazing should be changed to house feeding. Indeed, it is necessary to choose the outside stocking from 11 am to 3 pm. The house should be built in a leeward place, covered with wind deflector, the window glass should be wiped clean for light, and the plastic film should be used to close the loophole to prevent the thieves from getting windy. Maintain a moderate breeding density and keep the air flowing. Before the cold and cold climate comes, we must carry out a comprehensive overhaul of water, electricity, roads, livestock and poultry housing, grass storage, storage materials, and fences, and timely reinforce the damaged livestock houses to prevent collapse. Hang curtains, block vents, and close the aisles in the middle of the shed at any time to prevent thieves, drafts, and sweeping winds. Do not leak on the side, do not let the wind, the ground bedding grass, timely cleaning of water, the ground is not humid, in order to play the role of cold and warm.
In the event of rain or snow, we must prevent the rain from soaking the lambs, remove the snow in time, and prevent the collapse of the house. Infrared heat insulation lamps and heating facilities such as stoves should be suspended in the pens. When using coal stoves or carbon stoves for heating, pay attention to safety and pay attention to ventilation. Be sure to pull the chimneys of the coal stoves and carbon furnaces out of the sheds to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning. Preventive burns should be provided around the heating facilities. . During the day, the lambs are allowed to go outdoors for more sun exposure, receive fresh air and sunlight, increase the content of vitamin D and cholesterol in the body, promote the development of the skeletal structure of the lambs, enhance the resistance, and create a clean and warm living environment for the lambs.
prevent disease
Entry personnel and vehicles should be strictly sterilized and it is strictly forbidden for the personnel to enter the production area. Grazing lambs should be dewormed and hoof-hoofed for fattening, and lambs for fattening should be dewormed. Spraying and medicinal baths are commonly used to repel insects, and avermectin and albendazole can also be injected orally. Vaccination should be used to prevent common infectious diseases. In general, fattening lambs are given muscle or subcutaneous injections of triple vaccines, five-cell vaccines, sheep vaccines and sheep's foot hoof vaccine.
Lamb sore is also a common disease caused by the pustular dermatitis of the goat. It forms pimples, ulcers, or verrucous scars on the skin of the mouth, lips, and the like. The disease is a viral infection that seriously affects the health of the lamb. Therefore, if the lamb is to be immediately isolated from the disease, it should be treated with topical drugs such as potassium permanganate, iodine, glycerin, gentian violet, and erythromycin ointment, and the pens and utensils should be thoroughly disinfected.
Pneumonia is also a disease with a high incidence of lambs, which is mainly caused by malnutrition, lack of vitamins, premature weaning and other causes of decreased resistance. Prevention of Lamb Pneumonia To strengthen the feeding and management of lambs, and to feed enough breast milk to keep the sheep's house dry, warm, and well ventilated. Treatment for pneumonia can be done intramuscularly with penicillin or streptomycin twice a day.
Lambs are prone to white muscle disease, which is a trace element deficiency associated with degeneration of skeletal muscles and myocardium and dyskinesia and acute myocardial necrosis. The sick lamb will suffer from symptoms such as lack of energy, arched back, difficulty in exercising, and weakness in the limbs. Found this condition should promptly use selenium preparations for intramuscular injection, strengthen the feeding and management of ewe, provide quality legume grass, so that the ewes before lambing selenium, but also can reduce the incidence of this disease.
Mineral deficiency is also a common disease in lambs. The affected lambs are mainly lean, rough coat, weak appetite, molars, dry mouth, gray excrement, frequent foraging, biting and swallowing of foreign bodies, especially in the wall of love. Circle soil. Supplements such as mineral supplements and trace elements such as selenium and iron should be provided early. Http://
Amino acids are carboxylic acids containing amino groups. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein for animal nutrition. Proteins in living things are made up of 20 basic amino acids.
Amino acids in human body through metabolism can play the following roles: (1) synthesis of tissue protein; (2) into acids, hormones, antibodies,
creatine and other ammonia containing substances; (3) to carbohydrates and
fat; (4) oxidation into carbon dioxide and water and urea, produce
energy.
Alanine for the synthesis of Alitame, intermediate amino acid Serine, nonessential amino acid Arginine
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