Purple-backed sunflower leaves can also be called Guanyin, Guanyin, blood-skin, rich in flavonoids and iron, manganese, zinc and other trace elements beneficial to the human body, with heat and detoxification, lungs and cough, and phlegm Swollen effect, treatment of heat stroke fever, lung heat cough and other symptoms, high health value, today Xiaobian said that the soilless cultivation techniques of purple back sunflower leaves.
Biological characteristics
Plant height 60-90cm, flowering from October to December, growth temperature is 20-25 degrees, 35 degrees environment can still grow normally, no damage will occur under 5 degrees; soil fertility requirements are not high, suitable for planting in sandy Loam or sandy land.
Second, the type of variety
The varieties of purple-backed sunflower leaves can be divided into two types: red-leaf species, purple-backed sunflower, and purple-flowered green-leaf, purple-backed sunflower.
Third, breeding methods
1. Cutting propagation
Cutting propagation time: 2-3 months and September-October;
The benefits of cutting propagation: easy to grow roots, cuttings are very easy to survive.
2. Bacterial reproduction
Hybrid breeding time: after the plants enter dormancy or before returning to growth;
Precautions for ramets: Because the growth of plants after ramets is weak, they are not used in production.
3. Sowing and breeding
Sowing and breeding time: the temperature is above 12 degrees in the 2-3 months;
Seeding and breeding benefits: The seedlings produced are almost free of viruses.
4. Cultivation Techniques of Potassium in Purple-backed Tiankui Column
1. Facility construction
(1) Leveling the ground and establishing a column
After the floor of the shed is leveled and compacted, several working lanes are formed along the north-south direction with bricks and cement. The working track width is 80-100cm, the spacing is 80-120cm, and the distance between the columns is 100-120cm;
The bottom of the column is a rotatable plastic turntable. The bottom is 20-30cm square deep concrete pier. At the same time, a 6m long galvanized pipe of about 2m length is embedded in the concrete pier, and 6~10 pieces are stacked on the plastic turntable. Plum-shaped plastic cultivation pots.
(2) Laying drip irrigation system
One end of the liquid supply pipe is connected to the liquid storage pump through a valve, and the other end is connected to the liquid supply branch pipe of each row of columns through the valve, and three small diameters of about 1.0 cm are opened in the vicinity of each column on each liquid supply branch pipe. The hole is connected to the capillary through the joint, and the capillary extends from the upper part of the column
To the center of the cultivation pot, one of the capillary tubes is installed in the upper first pot, and the remaining two are installed in the middle and lower cultivation pots on average, and the three tubes are arranged in a triangle shape so that the liquid supply is uniform.
When the liquid is supplied, the nutrient solution passes through the liquid supply main pipe → the liquid supply branch pipe → the capillary tube → the cultivation pot, and the excess water in the cultivation pot sequentially flows through the small holes of the bottom of each cultivation basin to the ground, and finally flows to the drainage ditch and is discharged outside the shed.
2. Matrix selection and disinfection
The slag with a particle size of 0.5 cm or more is selected as the cultivation substrate, and the substrate is covered with a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution before use, and the substrate is covered with a plastic cloth, and the pot is filled for 20 to 30 minutes.
3. Colonization
Pre-cut the plastic of the corresponding size according to the shape of the plastic basin to the bottom of the basin, and then install the sterilized slag to the height of 1~2cm from the basin. The roots of the cuttings of the purple-backed sunflower are planted in the cultivation basin. In the matrix of the part, after pressing the hand slightly, the water pump is started, and the cultivation pot is watered to the wet through the drip irrigation system;
After 2-3 days, the water is poured again, and after about one week, the seedlings are finished, and then the transition to normal cultivation management.
4. Cultivation management
(1) Temperature and humidity control in winter to pay attention to heat preservation; summer and autumn temperatures use shade nets, and uncover film ventilation, reduce temperature and humidity in the shed, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.
(2) After the pruning is adjusted and the plant is grown to a height of 15 cm, the growth point is removed, and the axillary bud is promoted to become the main branch of nutrition.
(3) Rotate the column once every 2-3d to rotate the column once.
(4) Regular salt washing treatment Regularly watering the water through the drip irrigation system to clean the surface of the slag to absorb the deposited nutrients, so as not to accumulate salt to poison the root system.
5. Harvest
20-25 days after planting, 20 cm high seedling height, harvested when the parietal lobe has not yet expanded, and then harvested once every 10-15 days.
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